A microtiter plate-based enzyme immunoassay has been developed for phaseolinone, a phytotoxin isolated from the culture filtrate of the plant-pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. The smallest amount of phaseolinone detectable by the method is 5 pg per well. The method is validated by comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography and used to confirm and estimate phase...

The leaf-spot disease of sugar beet caused by Cercospora beticola is of considerable economic importance in these countries where the conditions of high light-intensity (Calpouzos & Stallknecht, 1967) and relative humidity (Pool Rr McKay, 1916) favour spore germination and the establishment of infection. High light-intensity greatly increases carbohydrate exudation from leaves (Tukey et al., 19...

Our findings suggest that i) phytotoxic materials can be isolated from Bursaphelenchus xylophilus-infected Scots pine, but not from noninfected pines; ii) the phytotoxins cause wilting of 45-day-old and 2-year-old pine seedlings in a dose and species dependent manner; iii) the phytotoxins are produced early in the infection, accumulate or increase with time, and may function to suppress water t...

date bunch fading (dbf) is a serious disease of date palm (phoenix dactelifera l.) in iran. fusarium proliferatum was isolated from the xylem of fruit bunch samples sent from kerman and fars provinces groves to the laboratory. koch’s postulates were completed in the greenhouse by crown injection and root inoculations. shriveling of the fruits was induced by peduncle inoculations. symptoms on th...

Fungal diseases pose constant threats to the global economy and food safety. As the largest group of plant fungal pathogens, necrotrophic fungi cause heavy crop losses worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of the interaction between necrotrophic fungi and plants are complex and involve sophisticated recognition and signaling networks. Here, we review recent findings on the roles of phytotoxin and...

An isolate of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus from Pinus sylvestris in Missouri infected and reproduced in 2-3-year-old seedlings of P. sylvestris and to some extent in seedlings of P. nigra. Wilting, however, occurred only in P. sylvestris. B. xylophilus isolated from P. strobus in Vermont infected and reproduced only in P. strobus seedlings. P. taeda seedlings were resistant to both of these isola...