This paper describes a multi-scale modeling approach to compute the large-strain deformation of zirconium alloy cladding, which is of interest to the study of fuel rod behaviors in transient and accident conditions. A Visco-Plastic Self-Consistent (VPSC) polycrystal plasticity model representing polycrystals by weighted orientations of single crystals has been implemented as the constitutive la...

An edge-emitting laser diode is described in which the epitaxial upper cladding layer is replaced with a metal contact selected for its optical as well as electrical properties. The structure is demonstrated with an In0.1Ga0.9N multiple-quantum-well laser diode operating at 412 nm with silver rather than the typical p-type AlGaN for the upper cladding. Silver is effective as a cladding layer be...

The alloy Mo-47Re has favorable mechanical properties at temperatures above 1400 C, but it undergoes severe oxidation when used in air with no protective coating. To shield the alloy from oxidation, platinum cladding has been evaluated. The unprotected alloy undergoes catastrophic oxidation under static and dynamic oxidation conditions. The platinum cladding provides good protection from static...

Stainless steel clad rebar (SCR) was investigated because it may become a cost-effective means of controlling corrosion in concrete under very aggressive environments. Sound SCR (316L cladding) resisted corrosion in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution (SCS) with up to 5 wt% chloride. Cladding breaks on SCR induced significant corrosion of exposed underlying CS in SCS with only 1 wt% chloride. A computer...

In this paper the existence of discrete cladding modes in single mode fibers is illustrated. This is done by inducing periodically repeated microbends along the fiber axis, whereupon spectral measurements of the additional loss are performed. In order to explain the results of these measurements, it is necessary to apply a microbending theory in which coupling between the guided mode and a numb...

A simple and high sensitive method employing a hybrid long period grating (LPG)/chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) for refractive index (RI) measurements is proposed and investigated experimentally. The wide wavelength range of backward cladding modes are excited through the coupling and recoupling between LPG and CFBG. Experimental results indicate that the recoupled cladding modes between LPG...

Feasibility tests were initiated to determine if the zirconium in commercial used nuclear fuel (UNF) cladding can be recovered in sufficient purity to permit re-use, and if the recovery process can be operated economically. Initial tests are being performed with unirradiated, non-radioactive samples of various types of Zircaloy materials that are used in UNF cladding to develop the recovery pro...

A new method for suppression of coupling from guided optical modes into cladding modes in an optical fibre Bragg grating using a fibre with a strongly depressed cladding is proposed. Strong suppression of the coupling has been demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. Optical fibre Bragg gratings have attracted much attention in recent years due to their numerous applications such as ...

An investigation of macrobending loss characteristics of a standard singlemode fiber (SMF28) for small bend radii is presented theoretically and experimentally, which includes the bend loss of the SMF28 with coating layers and the bare SMF28 after stripping the coating layers and chemical etching of partial cladding. The significant influence of reflection occurring at the interface between the...

In this work, a comparative study aimed to investigate the effects of cladding stripping on the external refractive index sensitivity in tapered and UV long period gratings is presented. Here, wet chemical etching combined with microscopic analysis allow us to identify the experimental dependence of the surrounding refractive index (SRI) sensitivity on the cladding radius for both grating types...