High-temperature pressure pipelines are extensively used in petrochemical plant and power stations. Severe pits or wall loss defects can be internally produced after a certain period of time due to media corrosion and cavitation erosion. These defects finally lead to leakage of the pipes. In order to search for a good non-destructive method for these defects, a large pipe testing installation w...

An extensive product range is mandatory to be a key player in the pipe insulation market. The polyurethane preinsulated pipe producers are responding to global opportunities by diversifying their activities into industrial, marine, oil and gas applications. Moreover, the requirements for traditional district heating preinsulated pipes including initial thermal conductivity and its ageing perfor...

Detecting corrosion by electrical field can be modeled by a Cauchy problem of Laplace equation in annulus domain under the assumption that the thickness of the pipe is relatively small comparedwith the radius of the pipe. The interior surface of the pipe is inaccessible and the nondestructive detection is solely based on measurements from the outer layer. The Cauchy problem for an elliptic equa...

The prompt gamma rays emission, following neutron absorptions are characteristics of material under test and its intensity is proportional to amount or thickness of the material. The method is non-contact, and can, therefore, be very useful for scale or corrosion measurement of high temperature or insulated pipes. This method can be used to identify type of scale if it is not known. Neutron fro...

Internal corrosion is a common problem in pipelines transporting oil and gas containing corrosive components such as CO2 and H2S. In many mature oil wells, the water cut and CO2 content may reach high level which forms a suitable environment for initiation and growth of corrosion. To avoid the consequences of corrosion, process parameters should always be controlled within safe operating limits...

In this paper, a stochastic finite element method (SFEM) is employed to investigate the probability of failure of cementitious buried sewer pipes subjected to combined effect of corrosion and stresses. A non-linear time-dependant model is used to determine the extent of concrete corrosion. Using the SFEM, the effects of different random variables, including loads, pipe material, and corrosion o...

Biocorrosion This chapter considers the issue of biofilm based bacterial assisted corrosion (i.e. biocorrosion) of metals submerged in the marine environment. Through water channels within the biofilm, the thriving bacterial colony is able to absorb nutrients and oxygen from the water. However, as growth continues and the depth of the slime layer increases, there is little penetration of oxygen...

Fluid-inclusion measurements and textural relationships demonstrate that coarse-grained quartz and calcite from the upper part of The Geysers thermal system formed during the transition from liquid-dominated conditions to the modern vapor-dominated regime. The most diagnostic characteristics of these transition assemblages are: 1) evidence of quartz dissolution; 2) contemporaneous trapping of h...

The safe operation of petrochemical plant requires screening of the pipework to ensure that there are no unacceptable levels of corrosion. Unfortunately, each plant has many thousands of metres of pipe, much of which is insulated or inaccessible. Conventional methods such as visual inspection and ultrasonic thickness gauging require access to each point of the pipe which is time consuming and v...

Abstract Corrosion and erosion are the common pipe-integrity issues that occur when carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide sand exist in gas stream at same time. is developed by reaction among iron, while physical damage through flowing sand. When it comes to prediction model which could accommodate both events, complex phenomena related physics, chemistry metallurgy should be put into account. In th...