We aimed to investigate the use of placebos (e.g. saline injections) and non-specific treatments (e.g. vitamin supplements in individuals without a relevant deficiency) among physicians working in private practices in Germany, and how such use is associated with the belief in and the use of complementary and alternative treatments, and basic professional attitudes. A four-page questionnaire was...

Neste artigo, argumento que o "efeito placebo" não existe; placebos existem, mas eles são inertes, portanto têm efeitos (é isso "inerte" significa). No entanto, sabemos muitas vezes acontecem coisas após a administração de placebo. Dentre as várias causas para tal mudança, atribuo alguns aos significados os transmitem participantes do evento médico - médicos, enfermeiras, pacientes, família, co...

Various treatment regimens for the relief of pain during endodontic therapy, including relief of occlusion, pre-medication, establishment of drainage, and intracanal and systemic medications are presented. In addition, the rationale for the use of placebos is discussed. Se presentan varios regimenes de tratamiento para el alivio del dolor durante la terapia endodóntica, inclu-yendo el alivio de...

Placebos are sham medical treatments. Nonetheless, they can have substantial effects on clinical outcomes. Placebos depend on a person's psychological and brain responses to the treatment context, which influence appraisals of future well-being. Appraisals are flexible cognitive evaluations of the personal meaning of events and situations that can directly impact symptoms and physiology. They a...