introduction: nitrogen (n) is one of the most important growth-limiting nutrients for dryland wheat. mineral nitrogen or ammonium (nh4+) and nitrate (no3−) are two common forms of inorganic nitrogen that can serve as limiting factors for plant growth. nitrogen fertilization in dryland area can increase the use of soil moisture, and improve wheat yields to some extent. many researchers have been...

The aim of this study was to optimize the extraction of p-menthadienol isomers and aristolone from the essential oil of Elyonurus hensii by hydrodistillation. The study of the seasonal variation in the chemical composition has shown that the plant material has been subject to a natural selection regarding the biosynthesis of the p-menthadienol isomers: during periods of water stress, the extrac...

Woody plant expansion into grasslands and savannas is a global concern. Rapid expansion of Juniperus virginiana, a tree native to North America, has profound ecological consequences. We used transplanted J. virginiana seedlings to investigate the role of resource availability on J. virginiana expansion following the removal of fire, the factor historically limiting range expansion of this firei...

This paper reviews the various methods available for irrigation scheduling, contrasting traditional water-balance and soil moisture-based approaches with those based on sensing of the plant response to water deficits. The main plant-based methods for irrigation scheduling, including those based on direct or indirect measurement of plant water status and those based on plant physiological respon...

The warming climate is rapidly changing the circumpolar region, presenting new opportunities and challenges for agricultural production in South Greenland. projected to increase frequency of drought periods, but little known about soil–water retention (SWR) plant available water (PAW) soils region. This study aimed measure SWR PAW Greenlandic evaluate effect organic carbon (OC) clay (CL) conten...

Robust assessment of crop water availability requires effective integration soil moisture data within the range field capacity (θFC) to permanent wilting point (θPWP). Emerging needs for spatiotemporally dynamic θFC and θPWP are difficult achieve with lab determinations. Therefore, we used long-term from 182 sites across United States evaluate whether extremes defined by 95th 5th percentiles re...

Over the past few years, significant efforts have been made to decrease the effects of drought stress on plant productivity and quality. We propose that fullerenol nanoparticles (FNPs, molecular formula C60(OH)24) may help alleviate drought stress by serving as an additional intercellular water supply. Specifically, FNPs are able to penetrate plant leaf and root tissues, where they bind water i...