The most famous objection to the ontological argument is given in Kant’s dictum that existence is not a real predicate. But it is not obvious how this slogan is supposed to relate to the ontological argument. Some, most notably Alvin Plantinga, have even judged Kant’s dictum to be totally irrelevant to Anselm’s version of the ontological argument. In this paper I argue, against Plantinga and ot...

Specification denotes the type of pattern that highly improbable events must exhibit before one is entitled to attribute them to intelligence. This paper analyzes the concept of specification and shows how it applies to design detection (i.e., the detection of intelligence on the basis of circumstantial evidence). Always in the background throughout this discussion is the fundamental question o...

Abstract In ‘God, evil, and occasionalism’ Matthew Shea C.P. Ragland appeal to the Doctrine of Doing Allowing argue against Alvin Plantinga that occasionalism is morally worse than conservationism. this article I critically examine their argument conclude it fails because contains an equivocation or unwarranted. also offer a case position by, first, arguing on none three prominent accounts doin...

Agnosticism has always had its fair amount of criticism. Religious believers often described the first agnostics as infidels and it is not uncommon to see them somewhat dull fence-sitters. Moreover, undecided agnostic stance on belief in gods compared with being unsure about such obviously false statements existence orbiting teapots, invisible dragons or even Santa Claus. In this paper, I maint...

Abstract I stipulate and motivate the overlooked problem of demarcating radical skeptics (perceptual moral) from mentally disordered persons, given that both deny they know ordinary Moorean propositions (e.g., have hands or killing for fun is morally wrong). Call this ‘the demarcation problem’. In response to problem, develop a novel way demarcate between persons in an extensionally adequate sa...

If we exclude the assumption of normality in return distributions, the classical risk–reward Sharpe Ratio becomes a questionable tool for ranking risky projects. In line with Sharpe thinking, a general risk–reward ratio suitable to compare skewed returns with respect to a benchmark is introduced. The index includes asymmetrical information on: (1) ‘‘good’’ volatility (above the benchmark) and ‘...