The high failure rate of experimental medicines in clinical trials accentuates inefficiencies of current drug discovery processes caused by a lack of tools for translating the information exchange between protein and organ system networks. Recently, we reported that biological activity spectra (biospectra), derived from in vitro protein binding assays, provide a mechanism for assessing a molecu...

Natural medicines have attracted wide attention in recent years. It is of great significance to clarify the pharmacological mechanisms of natural medicines. In prior studies, we established a method for elucidating pharmacological mechanisms of natural products contained in connectivity map (cMap), in terms of module profiles of gene expression in chemical treatments. In this study, we explore ...

Access to essential medicines is an element of the international agreements on the human right to health. This review summarizes the current situation concerning access to medicines in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) by examining the policies, constitutional provisions and other legal instruments of the Member States. The constitutions of 18 out of 22 EMR countries enshrine health as a h...

herb–drug interactions are recognized as a clinically important problem. Recently, various clinical and non-clinical studies including in vitro studies related to pharmacokinetic interactions between herbs and new drugs have been reported. Durr et al. reported that the administration of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) extract to 8 healthy male volunteers during 14 d resulted in an 18% de...

background: there are varieties of purification techniques for separation of human plasma proteins such as salting out, ion exchange chromatography, and ethanol fractionation. there are limitations for each method, for example in salting out method, the salt has to be removed in an additional step. ion exchange chromatography is difficult for scaling up, and plasma fractionation is a time consu...

In India, more than 70% of total population use herbal drugs for the treatment of diseases. Herbal Medicines use different alkaloids of medicinal plants for prevention of Health Issues. Due to its easy availability Herbal Medicine is cheap. Clinical medicines however use many plant-derived metabolites like opium, quinine, digitalis etc. in pharmaceutical drugs. The importance of using herbal me...

Alcoholism is a serious problem throughout the world. The development of alcoholism remedies have medical, social and economical significance. In view of the pitfalls of psychological dependence and adverse behavioural effects of synthetic drugs, the development of low toxicity and high efficiency medicines derived from natural products exhibits expansive market prospects. Based on these consid...

Plants have had an essential role in the folklore of ancient cultures. In addition to the use as food and spices, plants have also been utilized as medicines for over 5000 years. It is estimated that 70-95% of the population in developing countries continues to use traditional medicines even today. A new trend, that involved the isolation of plant active compounds begun during the early ninetee...

EFFICACY It is important that health professionals adopt a non-judgemental approach with regard to parents who use CAM for their children. Many herbal medicines may be effective as we know that many plant derived chemicals are the basis of conventional drug therapies. Parents will often use a herbal medicine for their children on the basis that it is more ‘‘natural’’ and safer. One third of par...