The influence of the blockade of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) by AIDA [(RS)-1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid] on some behavioral effects was tested in control groups of rats and in rats that underwent short-term hypoxia. We used the following methods: the open field test, the passive avoidance test and the elevated "plus" maze test. In rats without hypoxia, AIDA (100 nmol...

Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) is a common and debilitating side effect of therapy in patients with both type 1 and, increasingly, type 2 diabetes. Previous studies in rats have shown marked effects of RH on subsequent hippocampal behavioral, metabolic, and synaptic processes. In addition to impaired memory, patients experiencing RH report alterations in cognitive processes that include mood and a...

The influence of the blockade of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (I mGluRs) by AIDA on some behavioral effects of rats pretreated with baclofen, an agonist of GABA-B receptor, was investigated using behavioral tests: the open field, the passive avoidance response and the elevated "plus" maze. Baclofen, applied intraperitoneally (ip) at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg, increased the number of cros...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether lithium modifies open-field and elevated plus maze behavior, and brain phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3 (P-GSK3beta) expression in Fmr1 knockout mice. METHODS One hundred and eighty FVB mice, including knockout and wild type, with an age of 30 days were used. An open-field and elevated plus maze was utilized to test behavior, while western blot was used to m...

The purpose of this study was to determine the roles of the presynaptic 5-hydroxtryptamine1A (5-HT1A) receptors in the median raphé nucleus (MRN) and of the postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in its projection area of the dorsal hippocampus in the social interaction and elevated plus-maze tests of anxiety. Direct administration of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist (+/-)-8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin (8-...

Behavioral characteristics of the animal models and humans are impaired in chronic stress. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the protective effects of sertraline and curcumin on stress-induced learning and memory impairment, anxiety and anhedonia in rats. Male rats were divided into seven groups: stress+water, stress+olive oil, stress+curcumin (100 mg/kg/day), stress+sertraline (1...

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) associative responses are useful for pharmaceutical and toxicology screening, behavioral genetics, and discovering neural mechanisms involved in behavioral modulation. In novel environments, zebrafish swim to tank bottoms and dark backgrounds, behaviors attributed to anxiety associated with threat of predation. To examine possible genetic effects of inbreeding and segreg...

The behavioral activity of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP), a selective antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5), was assesed in control groups of rats and in rats that underwent short-term hypoxia. MPEP applied intravenously (iv) at the dose of 1 mg/kg was tested using the open field test, the passive avoidance test and the elevated "plus" maze test. MPEP sig...

The elevated plus maze test is a rodent model of anxiety that is used extensively in the discovery of novel anxiolytic agents and to investigate the psychological and neurochemical basis of anxiety. The model is based on Montgomery's 1 observation that rats spent less time exploring the 'open' arms of a novel 'Y'-shaped elevated maze than an enclosed arm. The elevated plus maze used today 2 is ...

To investigate the behavioral effects of different vehicles microinjected into the dorsal periaqueductal grey (DPAG) of male Wistar rats, weighing 200-250 g, tested in the elevated plus maze, animals were implanted with cannulas aimed at this structure. One week after surgery the animals received microinjections into the DPAG of 0.9% (w/v) saline, 10% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 2% (v/v) T...