BACKGROUND The aim of study was to assess differences in reporting of violence and deliberate self harm (DSH) related injuries to police and emergency department (ED) in an urban town of Pakistan. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Study setting was Rawalpindi city of 1.6 million inhabitants. Incidences of violence and DSH related injuries and deaths were estimated from record linkage of police and E...

Background for this study is the increased complexity in policing that has become more knowledge-based and more professional in the last decade. Aim of this paper is to present empirical results from a study of attitudes of police managers to different leadership roles in their jobs in two police districts in Norway. A questionnaire was developed and administered among police managers in two po...

Since the 1980s, successive UK governments have sought to increase efficiency in, and effectiveness of, policing through what has been described as “cycles of reform” (Reiner, 2000, p. 204). The reforms typically involved exerting greater central control over regional police forces. Many of the early initiatives met with resistance from within the police and, as a result, were not fully impleme...

Research on police culture has generally fallen within one of two competing camps—one that depicts culture as an occupational phenomenon that encompasses all police officers and one that focuses on officer differences. The latter conceptualization of police culture suggests subcultures (or at least segmentation) that bound or delimit the occupational culture. Using survey data collected as part...

BACKGROUND Rapid transport to definitive care ("scoop and run") versus field stabilization in trauma remains a topic of debate and has resulted in variability in prehospital policy. We aimed to identify trauma systems frequently using a true "scoop and run" police transport approach and to compare mortality rates between police and ground emergency medical services (EMS) transport. METHODS Us...

in the global village of today, more people have been moving and migrating than ever before creating a need for better communication. thus community interpreting rose as a specialization serving the needs of members of the community who are unable to communicate with the system. within this broad field of interpreting the specialist area of legal interpreting assumed a high position. however, l...

LIKE MANY PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATIONS, POLICE SERVICES HAVE HAD to pay increasing attention to strategic planning in recent years. This has been precipitated by community and government calls for improved accountability, and the accelerating pace of reform within police services. In responding to this need, police services are experiencing many of the problems familiar to large organisations wh...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to determine the physical activity levels of active duty police officers and police academy cadets in different life domains and intensities. These parameters were treated as potential quantifiers that could be used when assessing individuals preparing for work as future police officers. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study recruited 153 active police off...

INTRODUCTION Police violence against people who inject drugs (PWID) is common in Russia and associated with HIV risk behaviours. Sexual violence from police against women who use drugs has been reported anecdotally in Russia. This mixed-methods study aimed to evaluate sexual violence from police against women who inject drugs via quantitative assessment of its prevalence and HIV risk correlates...

traffic safety work is a goal common to all public authorities, police agencies and organizations in bavaria. reducing the number of traffic fatalities in a sustainable manner and continuing to lower the number of traffic accidents and road traffic injuries is a task for society as a whole. the various measures being implemented in bavaria during the road safety campaign “bayern mobil – sicher ...