This paper lists fifteen key policy implications resulting from a decision to introduce retail and/or wholesale central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). It makes the distinction between ‘medium of exchange’ and ‘exchange mechanism’. The former is one functions money. latter function technological approach in establishing unit account, store value, payment protocol. Payments, transfers settlemen...

this paper reviews the essence of effective governance and importance of a multi-sectoral approach in generating health systems response to hiv/aids. this comprehensive approach highlights the importance of integrating reproductive sexual health programs and hiv prevention services, including peer education, life skills, and voluntary counseling and testing (vct), for prevention of mother–to-ch...