How does the demand for lobbying reflected by government policy activity influence the use of lobbying strategies and tactics? The authors examine this question by assessing how the complexity of the policy space affects the political action committee (PAC) system. They hypothesize that the complexity of the policy space indirectly affects the size and activity of the PAC system through its dir...

The present study aims at identifying and analyzing the major cultural components that influence the political development of Iranian society during the Second Pahlavi era and explaining and analyzing the fundamental issues of the weaknesses and gaps in the Iranian society and political system during this period. Had, done. In this research, using the historical and analytical research method a...

In this article, Imam Khomeini’s political theory is investigated with the Lakatos methodology. His methodology confirms the distinction between a hard core or the original skeleton of investments and experimental propositions confirms as a protective belt for the research program. Regarding this, the claim from this article is that if we understand the system of religious knowledge of Imam Kho...

Considering the cosmology with mythological form of consciousness era as the primary base of metaphysical form and the basis of development toward an integrated cosmology, political ideas has been placed in an organic link with a metaphysical system in the ancient Persians as well as Chinese political thought. Based on considerable similarities among cosmological systems in civilizations e.g....

legitimacy is among the factors that bring stability and effectiveness to a political system. in this article, the writer argues that there is a stronger tendency to keep and amend the basic rules of the system of the islamic republic of iran than to change and replace them. also, there is a stronger tendency to amend the present rules than to keep them as they are. political legitimacy, the wr...