Workgroup diversity can be conceptualized as variety, separation, or disparity. Thus, the proper operationalization of diversity depends on how a diversity dimension has been defined. Analytically, the minimal diversity must be obtained when there are no differences on an attribute among the members of a group, however maximal diversity has a different shape for each conceptualization of divers...

background: expanding cities with rapid economic development has resulted in increased energy consumption leading to numerous environmental problems for their residents. the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between air pollution and mortality rate due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in shiraz. methods: this is an analytical cross‑sectional study in which the corre...

The Clean Air Act is the basic U.S. Federal law for controlling air pollution. Under Sections 108 and 109, primary (health) national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) can be set for pollutants which are ubiquitous in the ambient air. The standard-setting process includes a comprehensive summary of scientific information on effects and controls in criteria and control techniques, and the sel...

The haze is an atmospheric phenomenon where pollutant particles accumulate in the air and obscure the normal clarity of the sky. In Singapore, this usually happens when the prevailing southwest monsoon winds blow the smoke from regional forest fires to Singapore. This phenomenon is not new and has been occurring regularly since 1994. In 1997, it featured on the front page of the Straits Times a...

altogether 20 groundwater samples were collected around the lakan pb and zn mine in iran. samples were analyzed for 8 constituents including fe, pb, hg, mn, zn, cn, so4 and cl using standard method. the results show that the average concentrations of constituents were 0.01, 0.60, 0.10, 0.01, 0.40, 35, 0.01 and 5.95 mg/kg for fe, mn, pb, zn, hg, so4, cn and cl, respectively. the computed contami...

OBJECTIVE A growing body of evidence suggests that environmental pollutants, such as heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and plasticizers play an important role in the development of chronic diseases. Most epidemiologic studies have examined environmental pollutants individually, but in real life, we are exposed to multi-pollutants and pollution mixtures, not single pollutants. Although...