We characterize and compare blended and bilayered heterojunctions of polymer photovoltaic devices using poly oxa-1,4-phenylene-1,21-cyano -ethenylene-2,5-dioctyloxy-1,4-phenylene1,22-cyano -ethenylene-1,4-phenylene CN-ether-PPV and poly 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene1,2-ethenylene-2-methoxy-52-ethylhexyloxy -1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene M3EH-PPV as electronand hole-transporting polymers, respectiv...

The first enantioselective synthesis of the anti-Helicobacter pylori agent (+)-spirolaxine methyl ether has been carried out in a convergent fashion by heterocycle-activated Julia olefination of a spiroacetal-containing sulfone fragment with a phthalide-containing aldehyde fragment. The total synthesis of (+)-spirolaxine methyl ether establishes the absolute stereochemistry of the natural produ...

A series of new sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s containing one sulfonic acid group, located on a pendant phenyl sulfonyl moiety, at every repeat unit was synthesized using 3-sulfonated-3’, 5’-difluorophenyl Sulfone, 4, and a variety of bisphenols. A conventional nucleophilic aromatic substitution (NAS) was utilized for the homopolymerization and copolymerization reactions. Polymerization reacti...

Nonfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes are a group of promising candidate materials for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell PEMFC technology. However, one of the main obstacles is that the harsh fuel cell environment may originate different modes of degradation and aging processes that result in either chemical or morphological alteration in these membranes. The effect o...