For the first time, we demonstrated that combining oxidative and non-oxidative dehydrogenation of iso-butane in one reactor system is an attractive approach for iso-butene and hydrogen production. Iso-butene yields above 40% at iso-butene selectivity above 80% and CO(x) selectivity below 2% were achieved over SiO(2)-supported highly-dispersed VO(x) species during at least 20 h on-stream at 833 K.

Instead of forming an entire image at one instant, a scanning optical microscope (SOM) scans a beam of light across specimen in a regular pattern, or raster, and forms its image point by point. A point of light is focused to a diffraction-limited spot on the sample by the objective lens. An image is built up point by point by a detector, either below the slide (if the microscope is exclusively ...

Introduction The optical components of a microscope are its two imaging lenses (eyepiece and objective) and a condenser lens. The eyepiece and objective are responsible for magnifying the image of the specimen and projecting it onto the viewer’s retina or onto the film plane in a camera. The job of the condenser lens is to focus a cone of incident light onto the specimen. To provide the inciden...

We report on the development and applications of a new generation, commercial, optically sectioning programmable array microscope (PAM) for rapid, light efficient 3D fluorescence imaging of living specimens. The stand-alone module, including light source(s) and detector(s), features an innovative catadioptric design and a ferroelectric liquid-crystalon-silicon (LCoS) SLM instead of the DMD used...

Optical transmission through concentric circular nanoslits is studied in experiments and numerical simulations. Polarized optical microscopic imaging shows that the optical transmission through these apertures is spatially inhomogeneous, exhibiting colored fan texture patterns. Numerical simulations show that these colored fan texture patterns originate from the cylindrical vector polarization ...