Purpose: Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is used to treat the turbid water at treatment plants. As an alternative, natural coagulants are being tested as those biodegradable and safe for human health. The study focused test locally available five different plant species coagulants. Research method: Turbid samples were treated separately by 50ppm 100ppm of PAC a control, powdered Moringa (Moringa o...

This study measures the influence of pH and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) dosage on the effectiveness of reactive dyes removal. Experiments were carried out for turquoise DG, red DB-8, orange OGR and black DN. The pH was changed from 3.5 to 7.0 and the dosages of PAC from 0.3 to 4.0 mg Al/mg dye. The degree of dyes removal depended on pH and dosage of coagulant. In the pH range from 4.0 to 5.5 t...

The aim of this paper is to provide an overall description of coagulation-flocculation process and its applications in water and wastewater treatment. The significance of coagulation – flocculation in the area of water and wastewater treatment is reviewed and evaluated, emphasizing on the series of applications employed, including destabilization of colloids, removal of inorganic and organic ma...

In Taiwan, the turbidity of raw water for fresh water treatments can sometimes reach as high as 40000 NTU due to intensive rainfall, especially in typhoon seasons. In response, water works often apply large quantities of coagulants such as polyaluminium chloride (PACl). In this study, simulated and natural highly turbid water was coagulated with two PACls, a commercial product (PACl-1) and a la...

Lake Rauwbraken was impacted by eutrophication caused diffuse external phosphorus (P) loads (total 1.21 mg m−2 d−1, estimated in 2008). Over 40 years, this load built up a legacy pool the sediments, resulting 6.82 d−1 PO4-P internal (estimated 2008), causing cyanobacterial blooms and swimming bans. To address lake, low dose treatment of flocculant (polyaluminium chloride) combined with solid ph...

For solving the problem of low efficiency about dyes and slow precipitation rate for powdered activated carbon (PAC), this study successfully prepares a kind carbon-based composites (PACMC) to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) in wastewater as an adsorbent. PACMC derived from potassium humate polyaluminium chloride (PACl)-modified PAC were fabricated via chemical method. We confirmed micro-morphology co...

biopolymers are environmental friendly sources as renewable and sustainable substituents for petroleum-based polymers. application of these polymers is common in variety of industries including papermaking. herbalexudate gums have been used in papermaking industry for decades, especially paper recycling. in this study, gum polysaccharide exudates from baridje plant  (ferula gummosa) extracted a...