Tropane alkaloids such as scopolamine (C17H21NO4), atropine (C17H23NO3) and hyoscyamine (C17H23NO3) are the most important plant secondary metabolites in the pharmaceutical industry due to anticholinergic activity, competition with muscarinic receptors and also treating different human diseases. Scopolamine, hyoscyamine and atropine are the most important tropane alkaloids used as anticoagulant...

According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015, only processed Aconitum tubers can be clinically applied, and the effect of processing is unclear. This research aimed to explore the effect of processing on cardiac efficacy of alkaloids in Aconitum tubers. First, the chemical ingredients in unprocessed and processed Aconitum tubers were identified and compared by using high performance liquid chrom...

This chapter presents an overview of the chemistry and pharmacology of the alkaloids found in species of the Annonaceae family. The occurrence of alkaloids from Annonaceae species, as well as their chemical structures and pharmacological activities are summarized in informative and easy-to-understand tables. Within the Annonaceae family, the genera Annona, Duguetia, and Guatteria have led to ma...

New methods for the synthesis of 3 beta-(4'-alkyl-, 4'-alkenyl-, and 4'-alkynylphenyl)nortropane-2 beta-carboxylic acid methyl esters 2-4, respectively, were developed. These methods involved coupling of the appropriate organometallic reagents to 3 beta-(4'-iodophenyl)tropane-2 beta-carboxylic acid methyl ester (6a, RTI-55) or to an N-protected derivative of 6a followed by N-demethylation or re...

Strategies for the preparation of polycarbonates, derived from natural polyhydroxy monomeric repeat units, were developed for biosourced polycarbonates based on quinic acid. The design and synthesis of regioselectively tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy (TBS)-protected 1,4- and 1,5-diol monomers of quinic acid were followed by optimization of their copolymerizations with phosgene, generated in situ fro...

We describe a patient with a combination of dystonic and parkinsonian signs. Paraclinical studies revealed a mutation in the GTP cyclohydrolase I gene (GCH1) and a decrease in [123I]-N-omega-fluoropropyl-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (123I-FP-CIT) binding ratios indicative of Parkinson's disease. We conclude that the patient probably suffers from a variant of dopa-responsiv...

X-ray crystallographic analysis of the title hydro-bromide salt, C(10)H(20)N(+)·Br(-), of (1R,2S,3R,5R,8aR)-3-hydroxy-meth-yl-5-methyl-octa-hydro-indolizine-1,2-diol defines the absolute and relative stereochemistry at the five chiral centres in steviamine, a new class of polyhydroxy-lated indolizidine alkaloid isolated from Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae) leaves. In the crystal structure, mol-e...