The sodium-calcium exchanger was localized in tissue sections of canine kidneys with two different polyclonal antisera raised against purified sodium-calcium exchanger protein derived from dog cardiac sarcolemma. The sodium-calcium exchanger was prominent in the basolateral plasmalemma of the majority of cells in all connecting tubules. In contrast, it was observed rarely and inconspicuously ov...

Compact heat exchangers (CHE) are very well known for their special design which includes high heat transfer coefficient and maximum temperature driving force between the hot and cold fluids. The accurate prediction of the thermal performance of a compact heat exchanger in the design stage is highly desirable for most aerospace applications. In the present study, the numerical investigation for...

Erythrocyte magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency has been demonstrated in sickle cell disease to contribute to erythrocyte dehydration, K loss, and thus sickling. No studies have assessed the functional properties of the Na/Mg exchanger in sickle cell disease. Using Mg(2+)-loaded erythrocytes, we measured Mg2+ efflux induced by extracellular Na+. We estimated that the Na/Mg exchanger had higher maximal ...

if an air flow is injected into a liquid fluid, many ambulant air bubbles are formed inside the fluid. air bubbles move inside the liquid fluid because of the buoyancy force, and the mobility of these air bubbles makes sizable commixture and turbulence inside the fluid. this mechanism was employed to enhance the heat transfer rate of a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger in this paper. howeve...

We have analyzed the regulatory properties of the wild-type cardiac Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes using the giant excised patch technique. The exchanger is activated by cytoplasmic application of chymotrypsin and exhibits a number of properties that can be changed or abolished by chymotrypsin treatment, including cytoplasmic Na(+)-dependent inactivation, secondary reg...

Optimal Safe Layouts with Heat Exchanger Networks Synthesis Having Isothermal Process Streams José A. Inchaurregui-Méndez, Richart Vázquez-Román*, José M. PonceOrtega, M. Sam Mannan Instituto stituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Av. Tecnológico y A.G. Cubas s/n, Celaya, Gto., CP 38010, México Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de...

The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger plays important roles in Ca2+ handling in many excitable cells. In particular, the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger is expressed at high levels in the cardiac sarcolemma and is the dominant mechanism of Ca2+ extrusion from the cells. In addition, the exchanger has been suggested to play key roles in digitalis action and in postischemic reperfusion injury of cardiac myocytes. We report ...

Although inhibition of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger normally increases [Ca2+]i in neonatal cardiac myocytes, application of the inhibitor Ni2+ appears to reduce [Ca2+] measured by fluo-3. To investigate how the apparent reduction in [Ca2+]i occurs we examined Ca2+ transport by the human Na+/Ca2+ exchanger expressed in Sf9 cells. Transport of Ca2+ by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger was examined using a laser-s...

Previous studies have demonstrated a raised Na(+) content in leucocytes isolated from women with pre-eclampsia. Increased Na(+)/H(+) exchanger activity is one membrane transport abnormality that may contribute to this phenomenon and may be implicated in the abnormal volume homoeostasis and hypertension associated with the disease. Increased Na(+)/H(+) exchanger activity has been documented in n...

F rictional drag steals energy from a moving fluid, but the loss usually becomes greater as the flow goes from smooth, or “laminar,” to turbulent. The onset of turbulence therefore poses a problem for many situations involving fluid flow through a conduit, be it oil in a giant pipeline, blood in a human aorta, or liquid in a heat exchanger. One established solution is to add a small amount of p...