A 3D pore-scale transport resolved model is used to study the performance characteristics of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) with various electrode morphologies under different operating conditions. Three electrode structures are reconstructed from X-ray computed tomography (XCT) images of porous carbon felt electrode materials. The local vanadium concentration, overpotential, current dens...

Porous electrode capacitors are used extensively in systems which store energy, harvest mixing energy, or desalinate water. These electrodes can possess a hierarchical pore structure with larger macroscale pores allowing for facile ion and fluid transport, and smaller, nanometer-scale pores enabling significant ion storage. We here present a combined theoretical (linear circuit model) and exper...

The activated bamboo char (ABC) was available commercially and carbon nanofibers (CNF) were grown on its surface by a CVD method. The resultant composites were characterized by nitrogen method at 77K and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structure of bamboo-based porous carbon might be tunable by adjusting purposively the growth of CNFs. The CNF/ABC composite would combine the properties ...

*Correspondence: Benjamin C. Church, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA e-mail: [email protected] Controlling the wettability between the porous electrode and the electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries can improve both the manufacturing process and the electrochemical performance of the cell. The wetting rate, which is the electrolyte transport ra...

The use of lithium (Li) metal anodes has been reconsidered because of the necessity for a higher energy density in secondary batteries. However, Li metal anodes suffer from 'dead' Li formation and surface deactivation which consequently form a porous layer of redundant Li aggregates. In this work, a fibrous metal felt (FMF) as a three-dimensional conductive interlayer was introduced between the...

A simple chemical bath deposition is used to coat a complex porous ceramic scaffold with a conformal Ni layer. The resulting composite is used as a solid oxide fuel cell electrode, and its electrochemical response is measured in humidified hydrogen. X-ray tomography is used to determine the microstructural characteristics of the uncoated and Ni-coated porous structure, which include the surface...

In this paper we discuss three different mathematical models for fluid–porous interfaces in a simple channel geometry that appears e.g. in thinlayer channel flow cells. Here the difficulties arise from the possibly different orders of the corresponding differential operators in the different domains. A finite volume discretization of this model allows to calculate the limiting current of the H2...

The fabrication and unique characteristics of a new type of thin layer electrode, an optically reflective thin layer electrode (ORTLE), are described. The electrode was fabricated by the anodization of a thin layer of aluminum sputtered onto a plain glass microscope slide to create a 750 nm-thick porous alumina film. A thin film of gold was then sputtered atop the porous and transparent alumina...

Large-scale single crystalline tin nanowire arrays with preferred lattice orientation along the [100] direction were fabricated in porous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membranes by the electrodeposition method using copper nanorod as a second electrode.

This paper presents a two-dimensional computational model of micro-structured cathodic electrodes featuring nano-porous gas diffusion media that increase the surface to volume ratio of the deposited catalyst layer. A key objective of the modeling effort is to elucidate the Knudsen diffusion within the nano-porous electrode. In addition, the model is non-isothermal and resolves the natural conve...