this study has investigated smallholder farmers’ household food security level in mazandaran province during the two times i.e pre-harvest period and post-harvest period. using krejcie and morgan’s detrmining sample table, 384 farmers selected as a sample. a multi-stage sampling technique was used to select preciously subjects. household food insecurity access scale (hfias) was the main tool fo...

Contamination of cereal commodities by moulds and mycotoxins results in dry matter, quality, and nutritional losses and represents a significant hazard to the food chain. Most grain is harvested, dried and then stored on farm or in silos for medium/long term storage. Cereal quality is influenced by a range of interacting abiotic and biotic factors. In the so-called stored grain ecosystem, facto...

BACKGROUND Ethiopia faces cyclic food insecurity that alternates between pre- and post- harvest seasons. Whether seasonal variation in access to food is associated with child growth has not been assessed empirically. Understanding seasonality of child growth velocity and growth deficit helps to improve efforts to track population interventions against malnutrition. The aim of this study was ass...

MAIN OBJECTIVES Fresh fruits and vegetables become increasingly recognized as vehicles of human salmonellosis. Physiological, ecological, and environmental factors are all thought to contribute to the ability of Salmonella to colonize fruits and vegetables pre- and post-harvest. The goal of this study was to test how irrigation levels, fruit water congestion, crop and pathogen genotypes affect ...

Citrate is one of the most important organic acids in many fruits and its concentration plays a critical role in organoleptic properties. The regulation of citrate accumulation throughout fruit development, and the origins of the phenotypic variability of the citrate concentration within fruit species remain to be clarified. In the present study, we developed a process-based model of citrate ac...

Post harvest loss has been a bane to food security in Nigeria. Although increased crop yield has been found to be feasible. Post harvest losses especially in fruits such as citrus, banana and pineapple are enormous, the marketing system of these fruits places about 75% of the burden of these losses on the fruit marketers. This study evaluated post harvest losses in fruit marketing in Lagos metr...

A six year field study was conducted from 2001–2002 to 2006–2007 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India to study the losses in seed yield of different Brassica species (B. juncea, B. napus, B. carinata, B. rapa and Eruca sativa) by the infestation of insect pests. The experiment was conducted in two different sets viz. protected/sprayed and unprotected, in a randomized block design,...

The aim of this chapter is to describe the presence of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, mainly how they are introduced, dissipated, degraded, affected by food processing techniques and their risk assessment. Fruits and vegetables are important components of the human diet since they provide essential nutrients that are required for most of the reactions occurring in the body. A high...