Hydroquinone has a high toxicity and therefore its content must be carefully monitored. The development of new easy-to-manufacture electrodes with the best analytical characteristics, which have low cost analysis, is an urgent task. An electrode based on graphite composite material consisting polyurethane (as polymer matrix), powder (to increase electrical conductivity material) 18-molybdodipho...

This study compares between unmodified carbon paste (CPE; the paste has no ion pair) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane selective electrodes that were used in potentiometric determination of ketotifen fumarate (KTF), where sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) was used as titrant. The performance characteristics of these sensors were evaluated according to IUPAC recommendations which reveal a fas...

Direct, selective, rapid and simple determination of organophosphate pesticides has been achieved by integrating organophosphorus hydrolase with electrochemical and opitical transducers. Organophosphorus hydrolase catalyzes the hydrolysis of a wide range of organophosphate compounds, releasing an acid and an alcohol that can be detected directly. This article reviews development, characterizati...

BACKGROUND Sperm motility evaluation is associated with fertility in IVF programmes. The visual estimation of sperm motility is extremely subjective. Hence, alternative methods are required. Among them, determination of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)) changes of spermatozoa using potentiometric dyes may be a reliable test to determine sperm quality. However, the use of the potent...

carbon paste electrode was modified by disodium 2,4-diamino-7-methylbenzo[g] pteridine-5,10-dioxide to fabricate a sensor for potentiometric determination of vanadyl ion (vo2+) in aqueous medium. the new ligand was synthesized in three steps with high yield. the optimal composition of the carbon paste was made of graphite powder (64.5%), ionophore (16.6%), paraffin oil (17.8%), and sodium tetra...