By the thirteenth century, philosophy, politics and occult science had become deeply entangled in Persianate Islamic world. Two of greatest luminaries this intellectual milieu were Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d.1210) Shihāb Yaḥyā Ibn Ḥabash Amīrak al-Suhrawardī (d.1191/2), who at one point fellow students philosophy under a certain Majd al-Jīlī Marāgha northeastern Iran. Both subsequently sought roya...

This article discusses strategic issues of pesantren management during the Covid-19 pandemic-based “adaptation to new habit” era in Indonesia. The research is carried out a total fifteen West Borneo, Yogyakarta, East Java, and Java. Sociocultural perspectives this period also has influenced emergence adaptive protocols toward public interest ( ma ṣ la ḥ ah ). Therefore, each authentic regulatio...

Bilginin tanımı problemi kelâm ve felsefe geleneklerinde tartışılmış, özel-likle mantık tanım teorisinin disiplinine dâhil olması ile birlikte müte-kaddimûn döneminde ortaya konan tarifler sonraki dönem düşünürler tara-fından tenkit edilmiştir. Temelde bilginin zarûrî mi yoksa kesbî olduğu sorunu etrafında şekillenen bu tartışmaya olan Şemseddin es-Semerkandî (ö. 722/1322), gerek İbn Sînâ’nın e...

in extant islamic manuscripts we can find some observation reports of a black dot on the surface of the sun. these reports add that this dot should be the planet venus or mercury, transiting over the sun, showing that both of them are below the sphere of the sun. the research made so far on ibn sina’s report shows that it might relate to a really observed venus transit. quṭb al-dīn al-shīrāzī (...