Entropy can be defined as the antithesis of well-formed true reports that agree with each other and with the material facts accessible through the experience of one or more competent observers. The abstract convergence (strictly formal, logical agreement) of true narrative representations (TNRs)—ordinary valid reports of facts of experience—makes them formally more complete than fictions, error...

The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between the form of Chinese ‘successive addition boundary tone’ [1,2] and its expressive function, and whether ‘SUccessive Addition Boundary Tones’ (SUABT) can uniquely encode pragmatic information. To this end, a perceptual experiment was conducted by attaching a successive falling tone to the F0 curve of the neutrally expressed utter...

This paper propo~s a reversible architecture to handle not orily syntactic and semantic information but also pragmatic information. • I Existing architectures cannot represent pragmatic informatioil explicitly, and lack reasoning capability;given insufficient information. I argue that the techniques of plan representation and approximate reasoning are, in the enhanced argumentation system propo...

Intersentential elliptical utterances occur frequently during information-seeking dialogs in task domains. This paper presents a pragmatics-based framework for interpreting such utterances. Discourse expectations and focusing heuristics are used to facilitate recognition of an information-seeker's intent in uttering an elliptical fragment. The ellipsis is comprehended by identifying both the as...

This study aims at investigating the functions of informal Arabic discourse marker “بعدين” /bʕdɪn/. By figuring out these and highlighting common used ones, this paper tries to help communicators be aware those in their communication avoid any possibility misunderstanding. “Twitter” was main tool collecting data study. social medium provided natural contexts that significantly assisted analysis...

Abstract In this article, we explored the pitch contour patterns of French discourse marker donc in realizing different pragmatic functions from native and non-native oral corpora French. Statistical analyses using generalized additive mixed modeling revealed that even though Mandarin Chinese L1 speakers learning also used cue to realize functions, their prosodic pattern is pattern. Their seeme...

Questions are always present in people’s lives as they used daily conversation, not only a tool to initiate conversation but also keep that alive and at the same time gain information from interlocutor. This research aims investigate syntactic forms of questions their pragmatic functions found TV series entitled The Office Season 1 data source. were interrogative utterances, answers, context co...

There’s an ongoing debate on the advantage of bilingualism on the development of pragmatic abilities and executive functions in children (Bialystok & Poarch, 2014; Paap & Greenberg, 2013). Many studies by Bialystok and colleagues (cf. Bialystok, Craik and Luk for a recent overview) show that bilingual children outperform their monolingual peers on different tasks, in particular those involving ...