Cache prefetching with the assistance of an optimizing compiler is an e ective means of reducing the penalty of long memory access time beyond the primary cache. However, cache prefetching can cause cache pollution and its bene t can be unpredictable. A new architectural support for preloading, the preload bu er, is proposed in this paper. Unlike previously proposed methods of nonbinding cache ...

Positive-pressure ventilation alters stroke volume by transiently increasing intrathoracic pressure and thereby decreasing preload. This phasic variation in stroke volume results in a cyclic fluctuation in arterial pressure with a phase length equal to the respiratory rate. Measuring ventilation-induced arterial pressure variation allows the clinician to predict the cardiovascular response to c...

BACKGROUND In critical patients, left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening are used to reflect left ventricular systolic function. An emerging technique, two-dimensional-strain echocardiography, allows assessment of the left ventricle systolic longitudinal deformation (global longitudinal strain) and the speed at which this deformation occurs (systolic strain rate). This tech...

Taste is involved in food preference and choice, and it is thought that it can modulate appetite and food intake. The present study investigated the effect of savory or sweet taste on satiation, reward, and food intake and according to individual differences in eating behavior traits underlying susceptibility to overeating. In a crossover design, 30 women (BMI = 22.7 ± 2.3; age = 21.9 ± 2.6 y) ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of preload and coload for the prevention of Spinal Induced Hypotension (SIH) and vasopressor requirements. STUDY DESIGN Randomized trial. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Anesthesia, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from June 2007 - June 2010. METHODOLOGY Sixty patients were randomly divided into preload and coload group ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E') by tissue Doppler echocardiography (TD) has been reported to be a load-independent index of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, allowing the early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E)/E' ratio to be used clinically to predict LV filling pressures. However, preload independence of E' has remained controversial, and E/E' may not ...

A novel switchable adhesive, inspired by the gecko's fibrillar dry attachment system, is introduced. It consists of a patterned surface with an array of mushroom-shaped pillars having two distinct heights. The different pillar heights allow control of the pull-off force in two steps by application of a low and a high preload. For low preload, only the long pillars form contact, resulting in a l...

According to the Frank-Starling relationship, a patient is a 'responder' to volume expansion only if both ventricles are preload dependent. Mechanical ventilation induces cyclic changes in left ventricular (LV) stroke volume, which are mainly related to the expiratory decrease in LV preload due to the inspiratory decrease in right ventricular (RV) filling and ejection. In the present review, we...

Peak instantaneous power is a prognostic index of LV function but is difficult to measure. It is relatively load independent when corrected by preload (EDV2). Easier to acquire power estimates have been proposed--including mean and simplified power. These require only echo Doppler flow and cuff pressures, but their relationship to invasively derived results has not been studied. Using a well-va...

Cache prefetching with the assistance of an optimizing compiler is an eeective means of reducing the penalty of long memory access time beyond the primary cache. However, cache prefetching can cause cache pollution and its beneet can be unpredictable. A new architectural support for preloading, the preload buuer, is proposed in this paper. Unlike previously proposed methods of non-binding cache...