INTRODUCTION The ability to track improvement against racial/ethnic disparities in mental health care is hindered by the varying methods and disparity definitions used in previous research. DATA Nationally representative sample of whites, blacks, and Latinos from the 2002 to 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Dependent variables are total, outpatient, and prescription drug mental health c...

Postexercise fat oxidation may be important for exercise prescription aimed at optimizing fat loss. The authors examined the effects of exercise intensity, duration, and modality on postexercise oxygen consumption (VO2) and substrate selection/ respiratory-exchange ratio (RER) in healthy individuals. Three experiments (n = 7 for each) compared (a) short- (SD) vs. long-duration (LD) ergometer cy...

Purpose of the Work. The objective of this study was to determine energy expenditure and fat-free mass (FFM), as well as the relationships between these parameters, in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Subjects and Procedures. Thirteen pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for SCI were studied. Basal energy expenditure (BEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) were determined by indirect ...

Background: Digitalisation has increased the level of expenditure on online healthcare products. Various drug categories, ranging from over-the-counter to prescription-required drugs, are available online. Currently, no data purchases in Indonesian marketplace can be found. However, Internet Service Providers Association (APJII) 2019 shows that 92.1% students internet users. Objective: The stud...

BACKGROUND Sources of regional variation in spending for prescription drugs under Medicare Part D are poorly understood, and such variation may reflect differences in health status, use of effective treatments, or selection of branded drugs over lower-cost generics. METHODS We analyzed 2008 Medicare data for 4.7 million beneficiaries for prescription-drug use and expenditures overall and in t...

BACKGROUND Insufficient social security combined with family structure changes has resulted in a poverty of the elderly. The objective of this study was to examine an association of living arrangements of the elderly with chronic disease prevalence and prescription drug use. METHODS 2008 Korea Health Panel Survey (KHPS) data were used in this study. Information on living arrangements, socio-d...

BACKGROUND The prescription drug benefit is commonly designed and managed as a stand-alone health insurance product without consideration of how the design of other medical benefits may impact its use. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of member cost (copayment/coinsurance) increases on the relationship between the use of physician office visits and the type/tier of prescription medication p...

OBJECTIVE To determine costs related to living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to identify the association between health status-as measured by the Health Status Questionnaire short form-36 (SF-36) and the disease specific index Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)-and the social impact of RA. METHODS A prospective cohort study was carried out on 81 patients with RA who completed four co...