A diagram of the runtime structure shows objects and their relations and complements diagrams of the code structure. One such diagram, the Ownership Object Graph (OOG), is a global object graph that conveys architectural hierarchy based on annotations in the code. In this work, we ask the research question: do developers benefit from using OOGs, in addition to class diagrams, during their codin...

This paper treats theoretical and practical aspects of train management in freight shunting yards. It is a literature survey extending the previous ones presenting new important papers published last decade. The operations realised such yards are formalised by modelling them unified language diagrams algorithms implemented to solve optimisation problems for different types existing models prese...

Diagrams are widely used as abstract models of systems. The act of creating the initial diagram is a common problem solving strategy. Most diagrams are conceived and created with an old-fashioned pen on a piece of blank paper or a whiteboard. Current widget based tools, in contrast, are unsuitable for early design support because of the constraints they place on the user. Sketch diagramming too...

In this paper it is argued that a Carter–Penrose diagram can be viewed as a differential space.

designers draw diagrams to think about architectural concepts and design concerns. scientists are interested in programming computers to recognize and interpret design diagrams to deliver appropriate tools for the design task at hand. researchers conducted empirical studies to find out if designers share drawing conventions when designing. the experiment results show that designers use differen...