Aims: To determine the molecular properties of common antihistamines and non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents (NSAIDs). To identify interrelationships among these two groups of drugs utilizing pattern recognition methods and statistical analysis. Study Design: After determination of molecular properties, values thereof are examined using pattern recognition methods and other numerical analysis...

For all the three methods studied in this paper, UniFrac, weighted UniFrac (W-UniFrac) and variance adjusted weighted UniFrac (VAW-UniFrac), a phylogenetic tree of the sequences from the communities is needed. Many different tree construction methods are available including maximum parsimony, distance based methods such as neighbor-joining, and maximum likelihood trees. A natural question is ho...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to assess whether the direction of flow via the circle of Willis and the ophthalmic artery (OphA) changed over time in patients with a symptomatic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) who did not experience recurrent cerebral ischemic symptoms. METHODS Sixty-two patients with a symptomatic ICA occlusion were investigated wi...

Spontaneous pure acute bilateral subdural haematoma (ASDH) without intraparenchymal or subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by a ruptured cerebral aneurysm is extremely rare. It can follow rupture of different aneurysms specially located in anterior incisural space; the most frequently encountered location is the PcoA aneurysms as demonstrated in the present case. We present a case report of a PcoA ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In some people the blood supply to the posterior cerebral artery occurs partly or even exclusively via the carotid system. This anatomic configuration may influence the risk of occipital lobe infarction. We studied the presence and direction of flow in the posterior communicating artery (PCoA) in patients with an occipital lobe infarct and in healthy controls. METHODS F...

INTRODUCTION The circle of Willis is thought to play a key role in development of collateral flow in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS). AIM To assess flow in the circle of Willis in patients with recent ischemic stroke (IS). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 371 patients, 102 symptomatic with severe ICAS and recent IS (within the last 3 months) (group I) and 269 as...

A pure posteriorly posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysm represents a surgical challenge. This is mainly when there need for good exposure of the aneurysmal neck, sac, PCoA, and anterior choroidal arteries. Ruptured directed PCoA imposes significantly extra challenge as surgeon undergoes dissection through tight brain. Even with measures commonly used to attain brain relaxation like lu...

This study aims to identify and yield a better understanding of the origin of the posterior communicating artery, its perforating branches and the relations in the vicinity of that artery. In 30 brains filled with a mixture of latex through the internal carotid and basilar arteries the posterior communicating artery originated from the posterior aspect of the C4 part of the internal carotid art...

BACKGROUND Recent molecular studies have revealed a highly complex bacterial assembly in the canine intestinal tract. There is mounting evidence that microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic enteropathies of dogs, including idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial microbiota in dogs with various gastroin...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Mediterranean Basin is one of the most important regions for the Earth's plant biodiversity; however, the scarcity of studies on fine scale patterns of genetic variation in this region is striking. Here, an assessment is made of the spatial genetic structure of all known locations of the three Sardinian endemic species of Aquilegia in order to determine the relative role...