today, due to the direct and reverse logistics plays an important role in reducing the costs in supply chain. in this paper, in order to provide a closed-loop supply chain network including supply centers, production, distribution, collection, recycling and disposal of a used linear mixed integer programming. this paper to consider multi-period and multi-product in multi-level supply chain and ...

abstract the purpose of this paper is estimation of the effective factors on tea supply in gilan province by using time series data during 1360-1390 in the form of nerlove model. according to the results, explanatory variables of the model could describe 97 percent of dependent variable (product supply) changes. the results show that the guaranteed price index of green tea leaf with elasticity ...

sugar beet is an important crop from the point of production and consumption. in this case, fars province is one of the largest producers iniran. the purpose of this study was to determine the effective factors on sugar beet supply. accordingly, time series information of the crop was collected from 1990 to 2004 infarsprovince and were analyzed through nerlove partially adjustment model that is...

Establishing connectivity of products with real-time information about themselves can at one level provide accurate data, and at another, allow products to assess and influence their own destiny. In this way, the specification for an intelligent product is being built – one whose information content is permanently bound to its material content. This paper explores the impact of such development...

In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient product tracking mechanism implemented using wireless sensor nodes. This mechanism aims at tracking goods, and actions performed by each actor of the supply chain, while preserving the actors’ privacy. Our solution is based on generating identifiers of the actors and their activities using AND Anti collusion codes. The identifiers are encrypted u...

We propose a novel power supply circuit that can make a standby power consumption of an infrared remote (IR) controlled product completely zero. Our proposal is a hybrid power supply circuit combining the energy harvesting and conventional power supply structure. The IR controlled product employing our proposal has no pass of electric current in the standby mode. It is activated by the electrom...

Supply chain managers should redesign their supply chains in response to the introduction of a new product. In particular, to reach performance targets, they should align the supply chain to the new product features. The objective of this paper is to highlight the negative effects of mis-alignment between product features and supply chains and to propose a set of misalignment indicators, along ...

Increasing competitive pressures are forcing companies to increase their rates of innovation. The increasing rate of innovation shortens each product's duration in the market, thereby compressing each product's life cycle. Without proper management, increasing product turnover will increase design and manufacturing costs. More frequent product development cycles require additional product devel...

The evolution of supply chain management and practice has had an integral and expanding role in contemporary global economic and socio-political change over the past 25 years or so. This role is moving closer to centre stage with the emergence of business models equating to ‘total product systems’. The impacts of advanced supply chain practice include driving fundamental changes in approach to ...