In this paper we study the fragile base class problem. This problem occurs in open object-oriented systems employing code inheritance as an implementation reuse mechanism. System developers unaware of extensions to the system developed by its users may produce a seemingly acceptable revision of a base class which may damage its extensions. The fragile base class problem becomes apparent during ...

| Specialization and inheritance are well-known concepts in the area of object-oriented modelling and knowledge representation. However, certain aspects of these concepts lack formal foundations. In particular, when properties of diierent classes are semantically related, several different semantics are possible for the inherited properties, and a choice is necessary. Conventional systems impos...

Specialization and inheritance are well known concepts in the area of object oriented modelling and knowledge representation However certain aspects of these concepts lack formal foun dations In particular when properties of di erent classes are semantically related several different semantics are possible for the inherited properties and a choice is necessary Conventional systems impose an a p...

Jaegwon Kim has proposed that the proper way to reduce mental to physical events and properties is to apply the causal inheritance-as-identity principle: “M is the property of having a property with such-and-such causal potentials, and it turns out that property P is exactly the property that fits the causal specification. And this grounds the identification of M with P”. It is argued that this...

Specialization and inheritance are well-known concepts in the area of object-oriented modelling and knowledge representation. However, certain aspects of these concepts lack formal foundations. In particular, when properties of diierent classes are semantically related, several different semantics are possible for the inherited properties, and a choice is necessary. Conventional systems impose ...

Feature inheritance provides evidence that properties of an invisible target stimulus can be attached to a following mask. We apply a systemslevel model of attention and decision making to explore the influence of memory and feedback connections in feature inheritance. We find that the presence of feedback loops alone is sufficient to account for feature inheritance. Although our simulations do...

Mathematics is a complex science that can be used as complement to other branches of science. Likewise, the faraidh discusses inheritance rights property (tirkah) heirs owners who have died, in one problems related children. So this study aims describe role mathematics distribution Li'an child based on analysis Islamic law. The research method literature and focused discussion. subject Inherita...

Insecure land tenure and property rights for women are both contributing to the spread of HIV and weakening their ability to cope with the consequences of AIDS. These links are particularly acute in subSaharan Africa, and are leading to decreased agricultural production, food insecurity, rural outmigration, and additional infection. Strengthening women’s property and inheritance rights (WPIRs) ...