nowadays, business methods are among the most important assets of a company, protectable as an intellectual property right. different legal systems have, always, taken different approaches in this regard. although trade secrets are the most traditional form to protect business methods, the companies' willingness to patent inventions in this field has so increased that the significance and ...

One of the more important tasks that an operating system performs is the protect ion of programs and data from interference (intentional or not) by other programs. Recently it has been realized that it is also desirable to protect a program f rom itself. A survey of techniques used to achieve this protection is presented. Works of Dennis and Van Horn, Graham, Lampson, Wulf, and Morris are discu...