The rapid pace of research in the life sciences is generating a vast amount of new knowledge that has beneficial applications in industry, agriculture and medicine but could, in some cases, be misused for warfare and terrorism. This dilemma has not escaped the attention of security experts and politicians, who worry that infectious microorganisms could be genetically modified so as to increase ...

The protein transduction technique enables the direct delivery of biologically active material into mammalian cells [for review see (1,2)]. For this one can make use of the translocating ability of so-called cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), also designated as protein transduction domains (PTDs). The TAT-CPP derived from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat (trans-activator of tr...

Rapid scientific and technological advances in biological sciences that started in the second half of the twentieth century have led to exploration and engineering at the scale of single biological molecules. DNA manipulation techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), allowed almost arbitrary control of proteins that are expressed in living cells. These developments prompted scientist...

protein a is a commercially important protein in biotechnological and medicinal applications. the great value of this protein and its applications in genetic and protein engineering and microbial researches as well as the growing use in biochemical industries, biotechnology, medicine and pharmacology, highlight the importance of the present study. in this survey the encoding genes of full-lengt...

recombinant protein purification is a kind of sensitive and expensive method in genetics engineering. genetic manipulation leads to the expression of various proteins; it should be isolated with high purity finally. differed methods for protein purification are categorized, based on cast, quality, easy work and side effect of protein. in this article, we are investigating his his-tag protein pu...

mammalian expression systems, due to their capacity in post-translational modification, are preferred systems for biopharmaceutical protein production. several recombinant protein systems have been introduced to the market, most of which are under clinical development. in spite of significant improvements such as cell line engineering, introducing novel expression methods, gene silencing and pr...