Many studies on the fertility differential by religion have considered both Catholics and Protestants to be equally homogenous groups. Contrary to these studies, we contend that Protestant fertility must be studied in the context of heterogeneous groups. Specifically, conservative Protestantism, with its beliefs about artificial birth control mirroring Catholic teaching, should be examined sepa...

Since the beginning of twentieth century, it has been a truism that emergence Protestantism was main cause development capitalism. However, careful analysis primary sources, especially in Latin countries, shows quite different reality. Three centuries before Protestantism, Franciscans generated discourse made possible to begin legitimize commercial practices would later enable Based on these pr...