BACKGROUND Differentiated plant cells can retain the capacity to be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells during regeneration. This capacity is associated with both cell cycle reactivation and acquisition of specific cellular characters. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the reprogramming of protoplasts into stem cells remain largely unknown. Protoplasts of the moss Physcomitrella...

A method was developed for culturing protoplasts freshly isolated from developing soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons. First cell divisions were observed within 5 days after protoplast isolation and microcalli, consisting of about 20 cells, were formed within 10 days. Thirty days after protoplast isolation, callus tissues were observed without the aid of a microscope. A 30 to 50% plating effici...

Plant protoplasts are significant for plant cell culture, somatic fusion, genetics, and breeding studies. In addition, in vitro regeneration has great importance developmental biology, manifesting potential applications agriculture biotechnology. this regard, we present a well-established protocol regarding protoplast isolation, culture fusion of Jasminum spp. particular, different tissues sama...

Protoplasts were isolated from five species of Gossypium. · Protoplast yield and viability were affected by incubation conditions, osmolarity, purification procedures, and cell source. Using an optimized procedure, highly viable protoplasts were isolated from cell suspensions, callus cultures, and leaf tissue of G. hirsutum, G. arboreum, G. k/otzschianum, G. harlmessii, and G. herbaceum. Protop...

In this paper, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was covalently bonded with magnetic single-walled carbon nanotubes (mSWCNTs) that were purified using our previous method. To demonstrate our design, mSWCNT-FITC was delivered into plant cells (canola and carrot cells) driven by external magnetic forces. From FACS results, the FITC delivery efficiency was about 100% for both two canola and carrot...

Lecithin and lecithin/cholesterol liposomes formed in aqueous solutions of DNA entrap covalently closed circular, open circular and linear DNA molecules of size up to at least 13 kilobases. The sequestered DNA molecules are efficiently protected against exogenous deoxyribonuclease action although nicking and linearization of circular DNA can be observed. The size of these liposomes ranges from ...

Protoplast fusion was investigated as a technique for genetically manipulating two lignin-degrading Streptomyces strains, Streptomyces viridosporus T7A and Streptomyces setonii 75Vi2. Four of 19 recombinants tested showed enhanced production of acid-precipitable polymeric lignin (APPL), producing 155 to 264% more APPL from corn stover lignocellulose than was produced by the wild-type S. viridos...

Among the diverse alkaliphilic Bacillus strains, only a little have been reported to be genetically transformed. In this study, an efficient protoplast transformation procedure was developed for recalcitrant alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5. The procedure involved polyethylene glycol-induced DNA uptake by the protoplasts and subsequent protoplast regeneration with a developed hard agar regenerat...

Novozym 234 (Novo lndustri A/S, Bagsraerd, Denmark) is a comparatively cheap and highly effective commercial preparation, derived from the fungus 7richoderma harziunum, which is used for the enzymic degradation of the cell wall in many yeasts and filamentous fungi in order to release protoplasts [ 1 , 21. The factors involved in protoplast isolation using this system have been investigated by C...