This work proposed a new method for a gravity compensation using the noncircular pulley, cable driving, and spring balancer. The noncircular pulley is arranged in the front of one transmission chain. When the mechanism apply this method for the gravity compensation of some multi-DOF and multilink manipulator, it can be achieved that a perfect gravity balance and less number of springs. To obtai...

PURPOSE To evaluate the condition of the tendons and neurovascular bundles after percutaneous release for trigger finger of the middle, ring, and little fingers. METHODS 30 women and 13 men aged 20 to 55 (mean, 40) years underwent percutaneous release of the A1 pulley using a 18-gauge needle for 43 trigger fingers of the middle, ring, or little finger unresponsive to conservative treatment. 1...

INTRODUCTION The human finger consists of bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and pulleys. The finger pulleys are generally omitted in classical mathematical models despite the injury frequency of the pulleys is high. This fact can be seen especially in sport climbing where the treatment is complicated. It is the aim of this project to build a mechanical model of the finger including all mechani...

The goal of this study was to find an efficient method of energy transmission for application in an anthropomorphic underactuated body-powered (BP) prosthetic hand. A pulley-cable finger and a hydraulic cylinder finger were designed and tested to compare the pulley-cable transmission principle with the hydraulic cylinder transmission principle. Both fingers had identical dimensions and a low ma...

PURPOSE The rectus extraocular muscles pass through fibromuscular connective tissue pulleys that stabilize muscle paths and control the direction of muscle pull. The authors investigated whether abnormal forces associated with superior oblique palsy can cause displacement of pulleys and muscle paths. METHODS Coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing significantly reduced superior obliq...

BACKGROUND In the case of rotator cuff tears, the biceps pulley can be stressed by the unstable biceps tendon, and this can subsequently affect the stability of the subscapularis tendon. Therefore, it is important to distinguish between normal variations and lesions of the biceps pulley that affect anterosuperior lesions in cases of rotator cuff tears. METHODS From January 2002 through Novemb...

PURPOSE To describe findings for orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with age-related distance esotropia (ARDE). METHODS We compared 31 orbital MRI from patients with ARDE (77±7 SD years) with 2 control groups: 32 orbits from individuals aged 18-50 years (33±8 SD years) and 16 orbits from individuals aged >60 years (77±7 SD years). MRI scans were acquired using 3D fast field ...

BACKGROUND Closed injury to the finger flexor pulley system is found frequently in rock climbers. There are no evidence-based published guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. OBJECTIVES THE PRESENT SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WAS UNDERTAKEN TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: what are the most commonly recommended diagnostic criteria for finger flexor pulley injury in rock climbers...