We studied the effect of furosemide on pulmonary oxygen exchange, lung liquid, and central hemodynamics in dogs with pulmonary capillary leak induced by intravenous oleic acid (OA). 2 h after OA, triple indicator-dilution lung liquid volume and pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) doubled despite normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in 16 dogs compared with dogs not given OA in which no variable change...

SEE PAGE 9 W hen pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) $25 mm Hg, is associated with an abnormally elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) >15 mm Hg or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) >18 mm Hg (1), it has been variably termed World Health Organization Group 2 PH (1), pulmonary venous hypertension (2), “post-capillary PH” (3), o...

Hydrostatic lung injuries The evolution of fish to amphibians, reptiles to endothermic birds and mammals has been accompanied by a progressively thinner pulmonary blood gas barrier, to accommodate the constraint of increased oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide output [1]. Accordingly, pulmonary circulation has evolved as a separate high flow–low pressure system. In humans, mean pulmonary artery pr...

Methods We included 139 patients undergoing CMR and right heart catheterization within 2 days (n=151 test pairs) for the evaluation of known or suspected pulmonary hypertension. Right ventricular end-systolic volume index (ESVI) and stroke volume index (SVI) were obtained, respectively, from cardiac cine images and phasecontrast of the pulmonary artery after adjusting for body surface area. Rig...

Fernando Torres, MD Head of the Lung Transplant and Pulmonary Hypertension Programs UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX During the Fifth World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension, the working group on diagnosis and assessment was charged with evaluating the definition of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) as it was established at the Fourth World Symposium. The group also covered relat...

Pulmonary extravascular water volume (PEV) or lung water was measured in 45 patients with acute myocardial infarction, utilizing the double radioisotope indicator dilution technique. A PEV greater than the upper limit or normal (120 m/m2) was found in 27 patients, 23 of whom had an elevated pulmonary wedge or pulmonary artery diastolic pressure. A significant correlation was found between PEV a...

AJCC AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, November 2007, Volume 16, No. 6 587 animal-assisted therapy, volunteer visit, or a control group, those who received animal-assisted therapy with a therapy dog demonstrated significantly greater decreases in systolic pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, epinephrine levels, norephinephrine levels, and state anxiety scores. The res...

BACKGROUND In patients with chronic heart failure, abnormal ventilation at cardiopulmonary testing (expressed by minute ventilation-to-carbon dioxide production, or VE/VCO2 slope, and resting end-tidal CO2 pressure) may derive either from abnormal autonomic or chemoreflex regulation or from lung dysfunction induced by pulmonary congestion. The latter hypothesis is supported by measurement of pu...

Introduction Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, is known to complicate classic pulmonary embolism (Robin, Cross and Zelis, 1973). It has been well documented in animal experiments (Singer et al., 1957; Swenson, Lamas and Ring, 1965; Parmley, North and Ott, 1962) but is rare in man (Meth et al., 1975). A number of mechanisms have been proposed includ...