Pulmonary and cutaneous oxygen uptake (MO2) and lung ventilation were measured in frogs floating in water with access to air in respirometers, with and without ventilation of the skin provided by stirring. The frogs were exposed to hypoxia in both water and air, and were variably active. In inactive frogs floating in unstirred respirometers at 25 degrees C, 23% of total MO2 is through the skin....

despite improvement of mechanical ventilation devices for infants, lung injury still causes morbidity and mortality in many cases. to determine the effect of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) in infants with severe respiratory failure, 10 neonates were evaluated prospectively. mean gestational age of these patients was 35 weeks and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (a-ado2) and the ...

• Two recent independent experimental studies have found evidence that ventilation may be modified by changes in the pulmonary vascular bed. Firstly, small amounts of lobeline injected intravenously initiate reflex depression of ventilation mainly from the extrapulmonary parts of the pulmonary arteries of the cat.' Larger doses elicit, in addition, cardiovascular changes, bradycardia, and hypot...

INTRODUCTION Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life saving intervention in acute respiratory failure without alternative. However, particularly in pre-injured lungs, even protective ventilation strategies may evoke ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), which is characterized by pulmonary inflammation and vascular leakage. Adjuvant pharmacologic strategies in addition to lung protective ventilat...

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is an uncommon congenital anomaly. As PAVM is a direct communication between branches of the pulmonary artery and vein, major disturbances in gas exchange can result. We present a patient with an unsuspected PAVM who came to our institution for drainage of a brain abscess. Arterial blood gas analysis during and after surgery demonstrated a large alveo...

Multicenter, randomized, controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that, during abdominal surgery, protective ventilation, based on low tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure, and recruitment maneuvers improves postoperative outcomes (1). Protective ventilation strategies are aimed at preventing alveolar over-distension, cyclic opening and closure of peripheral airways, tra...

Pneumatocele is most often seen in children with bacterial pneumonia but also develops after blunt thoracic trauma, positive pressure ventilation, and caustic aspiration. We here describe a case of pulmonary pneumatocele in postpneumonic empyema in a child.Generally pneumatocele need not an interventional treatment and an excellent prognosis can be given with only surveillance and antibiotic if...

The high-probability ventilation-perfusion lung scan is accepted as supportive of pulmonary embolism and often negates further diagnostic evaluation; however, there are processes that mimic the clinical presentation and radiographic findings of pulmonary emboli, including a unilateral segmental or greater perfusion defect. We present the findings in a patient whose presentation and ventilation-...

Reexpansion pulmonary oedema (RPE) is a rare but potentially fatal complication with no clear cut guidelines for its management. When the injury to the lung is primarily one sided, conventional modes of ventilation can be ineffective and at times harmful. Selective or independent lung ventilation (ILV) is one of the therapeutic modality that can be used for the treatment of such cases. We repor...