Use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in compression-ignition (C-I) engines has always been considered important in the diesel engineering field. This is due to its easy accessibility and good combustion characteristics. In this paper the application of LPG fuel along with diesel oil in a direct- injection automotive diesel engine is experimentally investigated. In order to convert the pure dies...

We consider closed topological 4-manifolds M with universal cover S × S and Euler characteristic χ(M) = 1. All such manifolds with π = π1(M) ∼= Z/4 are homotopy equivalent. In this case, we show that there are four homeomorphism types, and propose a candidate for a smooth example which is not homeomorphic to the geometric quotient. If π ∼= Z/2×Z/2, we show that there are three homotopy types (a...

Lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) is considered a type of renal lipidosis, characterized by the presence of lipoprotein thrombi in markedly dilated capillary lumina of the affected glomeruli [1]. LPG is a rare disease; approximately 65 cases have been reported to date [2]. Patients with LPG exhibit proteinuria and progressive renal dysfunction. In most of the LPG patients, levels of intermediate...

BACKGROUND Lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) is a rare inherited renal disease characterized by intraglomerular lipoprotein within the lumina of severely dilated glomerular capillaries. The common clinical presentation of LPG includes proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome. Hypertension and anemia were thought to be mild in LPG. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in LPG has not been previously reported...

The availability of long circulating, multifunctional polymers is critical to the development of drug delivery systems and bioconjugates. The ease of synthesis and functionalization make linear polymers attractive but their rapid clearance from circulation compared to their branched or cyclic counterparts, and their high solution viscosities restrict their applications in certain settings. Here...

Some ball-quotient orbifolds are related by covering maps. We exploit these coverings to find infinitely many orbifolds on P uniformized by the complex 2-ball B2 and some orbifolds over K3 surfaces uniformized by B2. We also give, along with infinitely many reducible examples, an infinite series of irreducible curves along which P is uniformized by the product of 1-balls B1× B1.

We previously identified the structural requirement for the inhibitory activity of Leishmania lipophosphoglycan (LPG) to block endothelial adhesion to monocytes. Here we showed that LPG reduces transendothelial migration of monocytes. LPG pretreatment of endothelial cells (2 microM, 1 h) reduced monocyte migration across endothelial cells activated by bacterial endotoxin (LPS) or IL-1beta (60 a...

This paper is devoted to the study of quotients of finite metric spaces. The basic type of question we ask is: Given a finite metric space M and α ≥ 1, what is the largest quotient of (a subset of) M which well embeds into Hilbert space. We obtain asymptotically tight bounds for these questions, and prove that they exhibit phase transitions. We also study the analogous problem for embedings int...