Recognition of deleterious effects of chlorine and bromine on ozone and climate over the last several decades has resulted in international accords to halt the production of chlorine-containing chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and bromine-containing halons. It is well recognized, however, that these chemicals have had important uses to society, particularly as refrigerants, as solvents, as plastic bl...

The A(2)Πg ← X(2)Πu electronic transition (4800-6000 Å) of triacetylene cation was measured in an ion trap, where the vibrational and rotational degrees of freedom were equilibrated to 25 K. The rotational profile of the origin band is predicted by a collisional-radiative rate model under conditions expected in diffuse interstellar clouds. Variation in the density of the surrounding gas, rotati...

Using 1D NLTE radiative hydrodynamics we model the influence of the particle beams on the Hα line profile treating the beam propagation and the atmosphere evolution self-consistently. We focus on the influence of the non-thermal collisional rates and the return current. Based on our results, we propose a diagnostic method for determination of the particle beam presence in the formation regions ...

In this work, the effect of aerosol vertical distribution on local shortwave radiative forcing is studied. We computed at top and bottom atmosphere between 0.2 4 microns using libRadTran package compared results with those provided by AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork). Lidar measurements were employed to characterize profile, collocated optical parameters required calculate its forcing. A good ...

We have detected the 626 GHz J = 1 --> 0 transition of hydrogen chloride (H35Cl) in absorption against the dust continuum emission of the molecular cloud Sagittarius B2. The observed line shape is consistent with the blending of the three hyperfine components of this transition by the velocity profile of Sgr B2 observed in other species. The apparent optical depth of the line is tau approxima...

We show that the algorithm based on the weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme with anti-diffusive flux corrections can be used as a solver of the radiative transfer equations. This algorithm is highly stable and robust for solving problems with both discontinuities and smooth solution structures. We test this code with the ionized sphere around point sources. It shows that the WENO ...

We estimate the aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) and heating rate profiles of mixed East Asian dust plumes in the solar wavelength region ranging from 0.25 to 4.0 mm using the Santa Barbara Discrete Ordinate Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) code. Vertical profiles of aerosol extinction coefficients and single-scattering albedos (SSA) were derived from measurements with a multi-wav...

[1] We continue reconstructing Earth’s radiation budget from global observations in as much detail as possible to allow diagnosis of the effects of cloud (and surface and other atmospheric constituents) variations on it. This new study was undertaken to reduce the most noticeable systematic errors in our previous results (flux data set calculated mainly using International Satellite Cloud Clima...

Circumstellar disks provide the material reservoir for the growth of young stars and for planet formation. We combine a high-level radiative transfer program with a thermal-chemical model of a typical T Tauri star disk to investigate the diagnostic potential of the far-infrared lines of water for probing disk structure. We discuss the observability of pure rotational H2O lines with the Herschel...

The rapid developments in the field of laser-driven particle acceleration hold the prospect of intense, highly relativistic electron bunches that are only a few fs long. The determination of the temporal profile of such bunches presents new challenges. The use of a radiative process such as Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR), is particularly promising in this respect. In this technique the beam is m...