PURPOSE Muslim athletes may continue training and competing while they are fasting. There is a concern about negative effects of fasting on sports performance. This study aimed to investigate the influence of two training time frames on athletes' body composition and performance during Ramadan fasting. METHODS An observational study was conducted and thirty four male volunteer athletes from d...

BACKGROUND Several observational studies were conducted with vildagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) fasting during Ramadan, showing significantly lower incidences of hypoglycemia with vildagliptin versus sulfonylureas, including gliclazide. It was of interest to complement the existing real-life evidence with data from a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. CLINICA...

AIMS Compare effects of liraglutide 1.8 mg and sulphonylurea, both combined with metformin, on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) fasting during Ramadan. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this up to 33-week, open-label, active-controlled, parallel-group trial, adults [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7%-10% (53-86 mmol/mol); body mass index ≥20 kg/m(2) ; intent to fast] were randomiz...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the Ramadan intermittent fast (RIF) on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in elite judo athletes (Judokas) maintaining their usual training loads. Physical performance tests (squat jump [SJ]), countermovement jump [CMJ], 30-second repeated jump, 30-m sprint, and the multistage fitness test) and fatigue scores were measured in...

During Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, adult Muslims are required to refrain from taking any food, beverages, or oral drugs, as well as from sexual intercourse between dawn and sunset. In this study, we aimed at discovering alterations in drug regimens and the seizure frequency of epileptic patients during Ramadan (15 October 2004-13 November 2004). In the 3 months follo...

BACKGROUND During the fasting month of Ramadan, practicing Saudis develop severe disturbances in sleeping and feeding patterns. Concomitantly, cortisol circadian rhythm is abolished, diurnal cortisol levels are elevated and circulating levels of several adipokines are altered favouring insulin resistance. AIM To examine changes in the expression of CLOCK and glucocorticoid-controlled genes, s...

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar and is observed by Muslims as a month of fasting. All Muslim adults are expected to fast; nevertheless certain subgroups, including sick, frail subjects, and pregnant women, among others, are exempted. Ramadan fasting has been shown to impact on body systems in different manners. The influence of Ramadan fasting on immune system regulatio...

–The effect of Ramadan fasting on renal function markers, serum electrolytes and cardiovascular parameters at basal conditions and after a simulation of a rugby sevens match was studied in twelve recreational rugby sevens players. Three matches were played: one day before Ramadan (before Ramadan), at the end of the first week of Ramadan (Beg-R) and at the end of Ramadan (End-R). Before and imme...

Background & Aim: Changes in the dietary pattern and the timing of medications during the Ramadan fast could influence the outcomes of renal diseases in fasting patients. The aim of this study was to review the literatureon the effects of fasting during Ramadan on kidney diseases. Methods: Citations were extracted from PubMed and the Medline database from 1991 through 2013using the keywords “re...

We thank Drs. Susser and Ananth for their insightful commentary (1) on our study (2), which highlights the importance of the novel line of research into the associations of prenatal exposure to Ramadan with offspring health. Susser and Ananth argue that our findings are relevant only for the Muslim population and cannot be extrapolated to other situations of nutritional restrictions. We agree t...