In this article, a two dimensional pore scale model of polymeric fuel cell, which is promising of a clean and renewable energy production, is presented here. Let reactive gases behave as an ideal gas; inhomogeneous anisotropic structure of the gas diffusion layer, is contemplated as a random generated circular porous media. Lattice Boltzmann method is applied to inquire the fluid flow and mass ...

The architecture of hydrogel composites results in not only synergistic property enhancement but also superior functionality. reaction–diffusion (RD) process is acommon phenomenon throughout nature which induced ordered structure on a length scale from microscopic to macroscopic. Different commonly used inorganic salts or oppositely charged nanoparticles for the RD process, modified was layered...

Lecitase® Ultra, a phospholipase, was explored as an effective biocatalyst for direct esterification of glycerol with oleic acid to produce 1,3-DAG. Experiments were carried out in batch mode, and optimal reaction conditions were evaluated. In comparison with several organic solvent mediums, the solvent-free system was found to be more beneficial for this esterification reaction, which was furt...

In this paper, we examine the mathematical structure of thin-film deposition process reaction kinetics models with the goal of determining whether a reaction network can guarantee the self-limiting and stable growth inherent in true atomic layer deposition systems. This analysis is based on identifying reaction invariants and interpreting the chemical significance of these conserved modes. A sp...

The BIAcore is a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device used to measure rate constants, primarily for biochemical reactions. It consists of a flow channel containing one reactant adjoining a dextran gel containing the other. In order to explain anomalous measurements from the device, it has been proposed that some flow penetrates into the dextran layer, thus enhancing transport. A model is pres...

We have demonstrated the layer-by-layer growth, via a urea coupling reaction between two bifunctional molecules, ethylenediamine and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, to form an ultrathin film on Ge(100)-2 x 1 at room temperature under vacuum conditions. The initial adsorption and subsequent growth of each layer was studied with multiple internal reflection Fourier transform infrared (MIR-FTIR) spect...