A mathematical model of a mixed culture of bacteria in a fully three dimensional flow reactor which accounts for the colonization of the reactor wall surface by the microbes is studied both analytically and by simulation. It can be viewed as a model of the large intestine or of the fouling of a commercial bio-reactor or pipe flow. The primary focus is on coexistence of microbial populations in ...

Two microwave-induced plasma reactors are being investigated. As first approach, a small scale plasma reactor (100 300 ml/min) so-called Surfatron is studied to gain insight into gas/plasma phase reactions. A parametric study of various key gas phase reactions is being performed. Furthermore, an up-scaled plasma reactor (100 l/min) will be utilized to understand the needs towards developing an ...

Segmented CVD reactor designs enabling spatial control of across-wafer gas phase composition were evaluated for depositing graded films suitable for combinatorial studies. Specifically two reactor designs were constructed and evaluated with experiments and response surface model (RSM) based analysis to quantify the reactor performance in terms of film thickness uniformity, sensitivity to adjust...

In this paper, extensive study of ring-opening polymerization ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) using lipase Novozym 435 as catalyst in flask level and reactor level were conducted. The polymerization rates increase with an increase in time up to 4 h after which there has been a steep decrease for all temperature from 50 to 100 °C in the flask level. The conclusion out of flask level and reactor level stud...

Increasing complexity in reactor designs suggests a need to reexamine of methods applied in spent-fuel characterization. The ability to accurately predict the nuclide composition of depleted reactor fuel is important in a wide variety of applications. These applications include, but are not limited to, the design, licensing, and operation of commercial/research reactors and spent-fuel transport...

Two sequencing batch reactors, one with the conventional anoxic and aerobic (AO) process and the other with the multiple AO process, were operated to examine characteristics of biological nitrogen removal, especially of the multiple AO process. The long-term operation showed that the total nitrogen removal percentage of the multiple AO reactor was 38.7% higher than that of the AO reactor. In th...

In this paper, short circuit analysis, based on the electromagnetic transient program (EMTP), has been used to investigate the behavior of the DC reactor type FCL installed in an electrical distribution grid. System studies show that the DC reactor type FCL can not only limit the fault current to an acceptable value, but also can mitigate the voltage sag. A DC reactor type fault current limiter...

(30 pts) 1. You have been requested to troubleshoot problems with a well stirred reactor in your Texas chemical production plant. After taking the red eye flight and a long taxi ride to your hotel and then the plant your arrive exhausted, but eager to solve this problem. Apparently the problem with this 165 L reactor is that the conversion of the reactant, Anychemical, is too low at XA = 0.53. ...

The urea reactor is one of the most important units in the urea synthesis process. Rigorous simulation of the urea reactor is necessary and significant. Ho,wever, the complicated thermodynamic system and chemical reactions result in difficulties of modeling and simulation. In this work, the urea reactor is considered as a critical gas-liquid concurrent fluid reactor, in which some perforated pl...

A pulsed plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) reactor is used for the preparation of thin polyacetylene films. A theoretical model based on the mass transport characteristics of the reactor is developed in order to correlate with experimentally obtained spatial deposition profiles for the acetylene plasma polymer film deposited within the cylindrical reactor. Utilizing a free radic...