Ecological Marxists have succeeded in developing compelling ecological critiques of capitalism and principles for alternative ecosocialist political-economies. However, they devoted relatively little attention to strategic questions, such as: How might transitions take place? What are the challenges, trade-offs, risks would likely confront? And how may ecosocialists allied movements best strate...

Since 1976 Hilary Putnam has drawn parallels between his ‘internal’, ‘pragmatic’, ‘natural’ or ‘common-sense’ realism and Kant’s transcendental idealism. Putnam reads Kant as rejecting the then current metaphysical picture with its in-built assumptions of a unique, mind-independent world, and truth understood as correspondence between the mind and that ready-made world. Putnam reads Kant as ove...

Scientific naturalism is a metaphysical doctrine, a view about what there is, or what we ought to believe that there is. It maintains that natural science should be our guide in matters metaphysical: the ontology we should accept is the ontology that turns out to be required by science. Quine is often regarded as the doyen of scientific naturalists, though the supporting cast includes such gian...

Political realists disagree on what America should “do” and “be” in the Middle East. All are skeptical toward extravagant geopolitical projects to transform region. Yet they differ over whether...

Abstract According to an influential view, when it comes representing reality, some words are better suited for the job than others. This is elitism. There reason believe that set of best, or elite, should not be redundant arbitrary. However, we often forced choose between these two theoretical vices, especially in cases involving theories seem mere notational variants. riddle redundancy: both ...