OBJECTIVE The receptive (aural) vocabulary development of children with binaural-aided residual hearing was investigated in a prospective longitudinal analysis (repeated measures). PATIENT AND METHODS Thirty-three children with sensorineural hearing loss, without major co-morbidities (mean age at the first testing point, 56.2 months, standard deviation 19.0 months) were recruited from the 199...

Cortical receptive fields represent the signal preferences of sensory neurons. Receptive fields are thought to provide a representation of sensory experience from which the cerebral cortex may make interpretations. While it is essential to determine a neuron's receptive field, it remains unclear which features of the acoustic environment are specifically represented by neurons in the primary au...

In a natural setting, adaptive mechanisms constantly modulate the encoding properties of sensory neurons in response to changes in the external environment. Recent experiments have revealed that adaptation affects both the spatiotemporal integration properties and baseline membrane potential of sensory neurons. However, the precise functional role of adaptation remains an open question, due in ...

An exploration environment and tutoring strategies were developed for the first few hours of learning the programming language LISP. In this environment, the amount of exploratory and receptive learningcan be systematically manipulated. In an experimental studywith three different learning conditions, learning in a basic exploration environment (without an automated tutor) was compared to learn...

introduction: in early typical language development, children understand words before they are able to use them in speech. children with autism spectrum disorders (asd) generally show impairments in both the comprehension and the production of language. however, the relative degree of delay or impairment in each of these sub-domains may also be atypical and remains less well-understood. materia...

introduction: the purpose of this study was comparison of three different methods of presenting tv programs and their impacts on receptive language of deaf people in two stages of consideration in isfahanian population. (1- providing program by sign language and lip reading method; presented by a deaf interpreter 2- providing program by lip reading method; presented by a tv broadcaster 3- provi...

Probing the visual system with the ensemble of signals that occur in the natural environment may reveal aspects of processing that are not evident in the neural responses to artificial stimulus sets, such as conventional bars and sinusoidal gratings. However, unsolved is the question of how to use complex natural stimulation, many aspects of which the experimenter cannot completely specify, to ...

Studies often report that bilingual participants possess a smaller vocabulary in the language of testing than monolinguals, especially in research with children. However, each study is based on a small sample so it is difficult to determine whether the vocabulary difference is due to sampling error. We report the results of an analysis of 1,738 children between 3 and 10 years old and demonstrat...

Data from 408 pairs of identical and same-sex fraternal twins assessed at home and in the laboratory at 14, 20, and 24 months are used to describe cognitive development in the second year and to identify genetic and environmental influences on phenotypic similarity. The primary dependent variables are the Bayley Mental Development Index and separate constructs (based on items from the Bayley an...