The appropriate management for male partners of couples with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) or recurrent implantation failure during in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains unclear. In particular, men with normal semen parameters are often ignored because the “bulk semen parameters” appear normal [1]. Despite normal semen parameters, male partners in couples with RPL or recurrent implantation fail...

Objective Approximately 15 percent of couples are infertile. The male factor is responsible for approximately 50% of the cases. One of the main genetic factors playing a role in male infertility is Y chromosomal microdeletion within the proximal long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq11), named azoospermia factor (AZF) region. Recent studies have also demonstrated that there is a potential connection ...

BACKGROUND The current standard of care for management of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss is expectant management. However, the emotional impact of pregnancy losses and the urgency to conceive often leads couples to consider a variety of fertility treatments. The objective of this study is to report the time to next pregnancy and subsequent live birth and miscarriage rates in fertile pat...

Background Approximately 15% of couples are infertile with the male factor explaining approximately 50% of the cases. One of the main genetic factors playing a role in male infertility is Y chromosomal microdeletions within the proximal long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq11), named the azoospermia factor (AZF) region. Recent studies have shown there is a potential connection between deletions of t...

The etiology of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) remains unclear, but it may be related to a possible genetic predisposition together with involvement of environmental factors. We examined the relation between RPL and polymorphisms in four genes, human aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, which are involved in the metabolism of a wide range of environmenta...

OBJECTIVE To investigate, in men presenting with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), the prevalence of sperm autosome and sex chromosome aneuploidy. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Male infertility clinic. PATIENT(S) A total of 140 men with RPL provided semen samples, and five normozoospermic controls provided 140 semen samples for comparison. Recurrent pregnancy loss, documented in the f...

BACKGROUND Spontaneous abortion is considered as the most complex problem during pregnancy. Thrombophilia is resumed as a cause of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Glycoprotein IIIa (GPIIIa) gene is involved in thrombosis and abortion. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II and is involved in thrombosis. The most common polymorphism in this gene is the inser...

BACKGROUND Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) defined by two or more failed pregnancies before 20 weeks of gestation. Several factors play a role in RPL including thrombophilic conditions which can be influenced by gene polymorphisms. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) genes are closely related to fibrinolytic process, embryonic development and pregnan...

BACKGROUND Many advances have been made in reproductive medicine, yet the spontaneous loss of a pregnancy remains the most common complication of pregnancy. The aetiology of spontaneous recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is multifactorial. Y chromosome microdeletions are found in ∼7% of men with low sperm counts and, compared with the general population, a higher frequency of spontaneous pregnancy ...

BACKGROUND Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before twenty weeks of gestation. It is caused by a variety of genetics and non-genetics factors. Thyroid autoimmunity could associate with pregnancy loss. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of Levothyroxine in treatment of RPL in women with high auto-thyroid antibodies. MATERIALS AND ME...