in western asia, afghan refugees constitute one of the main vulnerable populations with drug and hiv treatment needs. however, there is not considerable provision of drug and hiv services for this group. the study aimed to describe the provision of drug treatment and harm reduction services for afghan refugees in iran, the most populous persian gulf country. with the collaboration of the united...

background many young women are satisfied with their large breasts but suffer from sagging due to heaviness. in this article we present a novel modification of vertical scar breast reduction based on a special indication. methods from january 2006 to may 2012, twenty five individual patients underwent operation using modified technique with superior pedicle and vertical scar. young women betwee...

the exposure of workers to magnetic field that occur in aluminum reduction potrooms has been studied. the pattern of magnetic field intensity has been demonstrated along the shop. it has clearly been shown that the personnel working near the pots are exposed to 20-to 1000-gauss magnetic field. to set limits of exposure to magnetic fields, the literature on the biological effects of stationary m...

due to unique applications of palladium nanoparticles, synthesis of these nanoparticles by a simple andlow cost method is very important. in this work, pd nanoparticles were synthesized with narrow sizedistribution by loading metal salt (pd(oac)2 ) into the polymeric matrix (peg) as reducing agent andstabilizer. also, the effect of metal salt concentration and peg molecular weight on the conver...

background and objectives : streptokinase is used clinically as an intravenous thrombolytic agent for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and is commonly prepared from cultures of streptococcus equisimilis strain h46a. the objective of the present study was the production of streptokinase from strain h46a and purification by chemical reduction method. materials and methods: the rate of...

background: today health care system is considered as a important organization to achieve equity and improve the performance so it is necessary for policy makers and decision makers improve performance of health care system. this study was performed to evaluate the health care reform program with emphasis to decrease catastrophic payment of patients hospitalized in public hospitals. methods: th...

the destructive impact of fading environments and also bandwidth limitations are two main challenges which communication is dealing with them. these challenges can affect on the growth of wireless communication and even cause reliable communications and high data rate to be prevented. thus, ofdm (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) modulation by using of fast calculation hardwares such ...