Anthropogenic disturbances are ubiquitous in the ocean, but their impacts on marine species are hotly debated. We evaluated marine fish statuses using conservation (Red List threatened or not) and fisheries (above or below reference points) metrics, compared their alignment, and diagnosed why discrepancies arise. Whereas only 13.5% of Red Listed marine fishes (n = 2952) are threatened, 40% and ...

this study investigates the contributions of atlantic ocean to june-august rainfall over uganda and western kenya (ku). the study has utilized the datasets including precipitation from the global precipitation climatology centre, north atlantic oscillation index (naoi), south atlantic ocean dipole index (saodi), era-interim reanalysis, and the atlantic ocean sea surface temperature (sst). singu...

The Southern Oscillation (SO) is usually described as the atmospheric component of the dynamically coupled El Niño–Southern Oscillation phenomenon. The contention in this work, however, is that dynamical coupling is not required to produce the SO. Simulations with atmospheric general circulation models that have varying degrees of coupling to the ocean are used to show that the SO emerges as a ...

Observations of animals in the deep ocean typically require the use of bright lights that can damage eyes and disrupt normal behaviors. Although the use of infrared light is an effective means of unobtrusive observation on land, it is far less effective in the ocean where long wavelength light is rapidly attenuated by seawater. Here we describe in situ observations of the behavior of the sablef...

Using fluorescence spectrometry to map autofluorescence of chlorophyll (Chl) and tryptophan (Trp) versus depth in polar ice cores in the US National Ice Core Laboratory, we found that the Chl and Trp concentrations often showed an annual modulation of up to 25 %, with peaks at depths corresponding to local summers. Using epifluorescence microscopy (EFM) and flow cytometry (FCM) triggered on red...

Thunniform swimming, the capacity to conserve metabolic heat in red muscle and other body regions (regional endothermy), an elevated metabolic rate and other physiological rate functions, and a frequency-modulated cardiac output distinguish tunas from most other fishes. These specializations support continuous, relatively fast swimming by tunas and minimize thermal barriers to habitat exploitat...

A new species, Melithaea davidisp. n., is described from the eastern coast of Oman, Oman Sea, in the northwestern Indian Ocean, where it differs from its congeners in lacking capstans and having predominantly spindles in the coenenchyme. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of mtMutS and 28S rDNA genes suggests that it is genetically distinct from similar species in the Red Sea. Furthermore, a spe...