PURPOSE To report normal interpupillary distance (IPD) values in different age groups of an Iranian population. METHODS This study was performed on 1,500 randomly selected subjects from 3,260 consecutive out-patients with refractive errors referred to Farabi Eye Hospital, Isfahan, Iran over a period of two years (2008 to 2010). Measurement of refractive errors and IPD for far distance were pe...

PURPOSE Axial length has been shown to explain up to 50% of the total variance in refraction, with axial length and refraction having a major genetic component. However, no study has attempted to determine whether the correlation between axial length and refraction is explained by shared genetic or environmental factors. METHODS All twins from Victoria aged 18 years or older were invited to p...

INTRODUCTION The uncorrected refractive error is an important cause of childhood blindness and visual impairment. OBJECTIVE To study the patterns of refractive errors among the urban and rural school going children of Nepal. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 440 school children of urban and rural schools within the age range of 7-15 years were selected for this study using multi-stage randomi...

Visual optics is taking on new clinical significance. Given that current refractive procedures can and do induce large amounts of higher order ocular aberration that often affects the patient's daily visual function and quality of life, we can no longer relegate the considerations of ocular aberrations to academic discussions. Instead, we need to move toward minimizing (not increasing) the eye'...

BACKGROUND Myopia is a very common condition and a significant public health problem in China. The objective of the study was to explore the genetic influence on myopia in Mainland China school-aged children in Beijing. METHODS In 2008, the data from 15,316 Chinese school students aged 6-18 years from 19 randomized schools in Beijing were analyzed to evaluate genetic influence on myopia in ch...

PURPOSE To examine the extent to which the two major determinants of refractive error, corneal curvature and axial length, are scaled relative to one another by shared genetic variants, along with their relationship to the genetic scaling of height. METHODS Corneal curvature, axial length, and height were measured in unrelated 14- to 17-year-old white European participants of the Avon Longitu...

Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Vision Cooperative Research Centre, Sydney, Australia The Fred Hollows Foundation New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand The Fred Hollows Foundation, Sydney, Australia International Agency for Prevention of Blindness, Western Pacific Region, Melbourne, Australia International Counc...

Introduction: There is insufficient information about the correlation between hearing and visual impairments. Its importance arises when trainers should care about medical issues of their clients. Refractive errors of the eye are one of the main causes of visual loss in the society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between refractive errors in the eye (by the type of r...

purpose : to determine the effect of carpet weaving on refractive errors methods : in this cross sectional study, carpet weavers and non-weavers in the normal population of mashhad were regarded as exposed and non-exposed groups, respectively. a carpet weaver was a person who wove carpets 7 hours a day for at least 2 years. the non-weavers group was selected from the population of mashhad throu...