PURPOSE To examine the association of individual and combined indicators of diabetes control with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this clinical, cross-sectional study, 613 adults with type 2 diabetes (372 any diabetic retinopathy; 183 any diabetic macular edema) were examined. Diabetic retinopathy was assessed from fundus photographs; diabetic macular...

Diabetic macular edema (including diabetic retinopathy in persons with macular edema) Macular edema following retinal vein occlusion (RVO) Neovascular (wet) AMD Neovascular glaucoma Pseudoxanthoma elasticum Rare causes of choroidal neovascularization (angioid streaks, choroiditis [including choroiditis secondary to ocular histoplasmosis], idiopathic degenerative myopia, retinal dystrophies, rub...

PURPOSE This study investigates the efficacy of an intravitreal gas injection in inducing a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in patients with clinically significant diabetic macular edema refractory to laser therapy. METHODS A local ethics committee-approved technique of an intravitreal injection of pure perfluoropropane gas (C(3)F(8)) was performed for all participants. After a period of ...

BACKGROUND The effect of pancreas transplantation on diabetic retinopathy remains inconclusive. Herein, we report six patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) who underwent pancreas transplantation and developed acute macular edema and peripapillary soft exudate with rapid progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, diabetic patient...

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy combined with intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) and macular laser photocoagulation for the treatment of nontractional diabetic macular edema (DME) refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. METHODS Twenty-eight eyes from 28 subjects who were diagnosed with nontractional DME refractory to three or ...

In this article we herein report an interesting vitreo-macular interface abnormality associated with chronic diabetic cystoid macular edema. It is an observational case study of three diabetic patients examined in the diabetic clinic. All the patients had proliferative diabetic retinopathy with chronic macular edema. A serial cross sectional OCT examination and tracking of both the longitudinal...

Diabetic macular edema is the major cause of visual acuity impairment in diabetic patients. The exact etiopathogenesis is unknown and, currently, grid/focal retinal laser photocoagulation represents the recommended treatment. It has been demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic macular edema by mediating vascular permeability a...

Detection of the presence of hard exudates in fundus images of diabetic patients is very important. If hard exudates are present in the macular region of retina, it will lead to Diabetic macular edema. Diabetic Macular Edema disease leads to vision loss problem in Diabetic patients. Early detection of Macular Edema in diabetic patients paves a path for prevention from blindness. Diabetic Macula...

PURPOSE This study was designed to examine choroidal thickness in patients with diabetes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS Forty-nine patients (49 eyes) with diabetes and 24 age-matched normal subjects underwent high-definition raster scanning using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with frame enhancement software. Patients with diabetes were classified in...

PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between diabetic retinopathy severity and blood flow parameters in the central retinal artery (CRA) and internal carotid artery (ICA). METHODS This comparative study included 40 eyes of 20 patients with asymmetric diabetic retinopathy. Twelve subjects had asymmetric diabetic macular edema while eight patients had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) ...