Climate change is increasing the frequency and extent of high-severity disturbance, with potential to alter vegetation community composition and structure in environments sensitive to tipping points between alternative states. Shrub species display a range of characteristics that promote resistance and resilience to disturbance, and which yield differential post-disturbance outcomes. We investi...

Heavy metals found in urban air with its toxic effects have a direct impact on human health. Selection of appropriate tree species and shrub refining capacity of heavy metals in urban areas can greatly reduce the toxic effects of these materials. This study aimed to identify the most suitable tree and shrub species of broadleaf evergreen, deciduous and coniferous refinement of heavy metals lead...

Heavy metals found in urban air with its toxic effects have a direct impact on human health. Selection of appropriate tree species and shrub refining capacity of heavy metals in urban areas can greatly reduce the toxic effects of these materials. This study aimed to identify the most suitable tree and shrub species of broadleaf evergreen, deciduous and coniferous refinement of heavy metals lead...

Heavy metals found in urban air with its toxic effects have a direct impact on human health. Selection of appropriate tree species and shrub refining capacity of heavy metals in urban areas can greatly reduce the toxic effects of these materials. This study aimed to identify the most suitable tree and shrub species of broadleaf evergreen, deciduous and coniferous refinement of heavy metals lead...

Seed and seedling predation may differentially affect competitively superior tree species to increase the relative recruitment success of poor competitors and contribute to the coexistence of tree species. We examined the effect of seed and seedling predation on the seedling recruitment of three tree species, Acer rubrum (red maple), Liriodendron tulipifera (yellow poplar), and Quercus rubra (n...

An understanding of natural regeneration processes, and the stand structural features that influence those processes, is vital to attaining goals associated with natural regeneration. This paper discusses natural regeneration concepts and the interactions that occur between shrubs and natural regeneration of ponderosa pine. The interactions observed recently in a series of related seedling recr...

carbon is the most important greenhouse element which sequestrates by photosynthesis procedure and is the easiest and cheapest way of decreasing atmospheric gas level. the vegetation cover that has woody texture is more capable for carbon sequestration. the most plant species of arid rangelands are the shrub growth forms. the purpose of this research was to assess carbon sequestration potential...

Abstract Recurrent fires can impede the spontaneous recruitment capacity of pine forests. Empirical studies have suggested that this lead to a prolonged replacement forest by shrubland, especially if shrub species are pyrophytic. Model-based studies, however, post-fire succession under current climatic conditions will eventually tend towards dominance oaks high fire severity and recurrence. The...