Blanket peat covers the headwaters of many major European rivers. Runoff production in upland blanket peat catchments is flashy with large flood peaks and short lag times; there is minimal baseflow. Little is known about the exact processes of infiltration and runoff generation within these upland headwaters. This paper presents results from a set of rainfall simulation experiments performed on...

In birds, the offspring of females in socially monogamous species can be sired not only by their social partner (within-pair mating) but also by other males (extra-pair mating), resulting in broods of mixed paternity. Several hypotheses have been proposed which attempt to explain the adaptive significance of this behavior, including the genetic diversity hypothesis, the good genes hypothesis, t...

This paper looks at differences in spatial and temporal variation of rice yields in China and Brazil. We find that rice yields in China have converged over time and that rice production has become more and more homogeneous. In contrast, rice yields in Brazil have diverged over time, primarily due to variations in upland rice yields. Three hypotheses are put forward to explain the different beha...

Oil palm and rubber plantations extend over large areas and encompass heterogeneous site conditions. In periods of high rainfall, plants in valleys and at riparian sites are more prone to flooding than plants at elevated topographic positions. We asked to what extent topographic position and flooding affect oil palm and rubber tree water use patterns and thereby influence spatial and temporal h...

How do farmers in poor, remote upper-watershed areas of developing countries respond to price signals? Until relatively recently, it was widely assumed that most upland agriculture was primarily for subsistence. If correct, this has important implications for the design of upland development programs, as subsistence farmers, by definition, are beyond the reach of economic policies, and programs...

Grid is one of the most e ective new paradigms in large scale distributed computing. Only recently Petri nets have been adopted as a formal modeling framework for describing the speci c aspects of the Grid. In this paper we describe a Grid tool for High Energy Physics data analysis, and we show how modeling its architecture with nets-withinnets has led us to identify and solve a number of defec...

An approach to handle the complex dynamics of a multi-agent system is based on distinguishing aggregation levels by structuring the system into parts or components. The behavior of every aggregation level is specified by a set of dynamic properties for components and interactions at that level, expressed in some (temporal) language. The dynamic properties of higher aggregation levels in princip...

This introduction draws together the braad themes discussed in the articles presented in th is special issue, placing cross-national similarities and differences in gender, equality, and industrial relations within a broader conceptual and policy context. As a field of study, industrial relations traditionally downplays the salience of gender and other identity characteristics; however, the Eur...

Previous work on relation extraction has focussed on identifying relationships between entities that occur in the same sentence (intra-sentential relations) rather than between entities in different sentences (inter-sentential relations) despite previous research having shown that intersentential relations commonly occur in information extraction corpora. This paper describes a SVM-based approa...

The existence of monodominant forests on well-drained soils in tropical regions has been widely reported. Such forests most likely result from a combination of both ecological and evolutionary factors. Under conditions of high seed and seedling mortality, vegetative reproduction could create a reproductive advantage leading to forest dominance, and profoundly affect the distribution of genetic ...