The exploitation of renewable energy sources has assumed a significant role, especially in an integrated vision of problems concerning energy policies, The 2009/28/EC Directive of the European Parliament and Council has indicated ambitious energy and climate change objectives for 2020 (according to the so-called “EU2020 Strategy”): greenhouse gas emissions reduction for 20%, renewable energy in...

Evaluation of the reliability parameters in micro-grids based on renewable energy sources is one of the main problems that are investigated in this paper. Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy, battery as an energy storage system and fuel cell as a backup system are used to provide power to the electrical loads of the micro-grid. Loads in the micro-grid consist of interruptible...

The use of renewable energy sources either as distributed generators in public AC networks or as isolated generating units supplying is one of the new trends in power-electronic technology. Renewable energy generators equipped with electronic converters can be attractive for several reasons, such as environmental benefits, economic convenience, social development. The main environmental benefit...

The rules of a number of electricity markets encourage renewable energy production and demand response through fixed support schemes and socialize the costs of integrating this production trough grid tariffs. These mechanisms are not economically efficient because they do not rely on market-based prices and do not consider the actual costs of achieving reliable system operation. This paper pres...

Recent year’s renewable energy sources plays important role in power generation system. Due to intermittent nature of renewable sources such as wind and solar, the energy storage systems (ESS) are required in renewable power generating systems. This paper deals with power management of the ESS based on hydrogen storage (electrolyzer, hydrogen tank, fuel cell) and battery integrated in hybrid re...

Renewable Energy based microgrids are being considered to provide electricity for the expanding energy demand in the grid distribution network and grid isolated areas. The technical challenges associated with the operation and controls are immense. Electricity generation by Renewable Energy Sources is of stochastic nature such that there is a demand for regulation of voltage output in order to ...

The origin and continuation of mankind is based on water. Water is one of the most abundant resources on earth, covering three-fourths of the planet’s surface. However, about 97% of the earth’s water is salt water in the oceans, and a tiny 3% is fresh water. This small percentage of the earth’s water—which supplies most of human and animal needs—exists in ground water, lakes and rivers. The onl...

Abstract: Solar, wind and other renewable energy sources are becoming an important part of energy supply to the power grid. Integrating a Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) with renewable energy sources can make these intermittent renewable energy sources more dispatchable. The HESS will play a vital and large role in renewable energy based 3-phase 4-wire grid connected electrical power infra...

Sustainability of current energy policies and their mid-term outlooks are investigated. First, an overview is given about the trend of global energy demand and energy production. The share of energy sources and the geographic distribution of demand are analysed on the basis of the statistics and projections published by major agencies. Sustainability of selected renewable energy sources is then...

Renewable electricity generation systems are increasingly used as a means of reducing harmful emissions and also reducing operational costs, by comparison with the use of fossil fuels. However, renewable energy sources such as solar energy are characterised by a high degree of intermittence, sometimes unpredictable. This constraint leads to inability to meet the demand of a power system. Hybrid...